Lopez Marcelo F, Becker Howard C
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Charleston Alcohol Research Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken). 2025 Jul;49(7):1435-1444. doi: 10.1111/acer.70076. Epub 2025 May 22.
Rodent models have explored the transition from controlled goal-directed consumption to habitual/compulsive intake using different procedures. This study evaluates the effect of concurrent presentation of sucrose on alcohol intake using two models that induce high levels of alcohol intake in mice that experienced chronic intermittent ethanol (CIE) exposure and/or stress.
In Experiment 1, male mice were exposed to four cycles of CIE or control (air) exposure, and once an increase in voluntary alcohol was observed in CIE mice, mice were offered a choice between alcohol or increasing concentrations of sucrose (from 0.75% to 12%; w/v). In Experiment 2, male mice experienced three cycles of CIE exposure, CIE and forced swim stress, control (air) exposure, or forced swim stress. Once elevated voluntary alcohol intake was observed in mice that experienced both CIE and stress, mice were presented with a choice between alcohol and sucrose (from 1.5% to 6%, w/v increased over consecutive days).
Mice that experienced CIE exposure (Experiment 1) or CIE exposure and stress (Experiment 2) showed increased alcohol intake. In Experiment 1, the presentation of sucrose at 3% and 12% reduced alcohol intake in control mice. Only the two highest concentrations of sucrose (6% and 12%) affected alcohol intake in CIE-exposed mice. In Experiment 2, concurrent presentation of a 6% sucrose solution decreased alcohol intake in mice that experienced CIE, stress, or control exposure; however, the presentation of sucrose did not influence alcohol intake in mice that experienced both CIE and stress. The amount of sucrose consumed did not differ between groups in both experiments.
These experiments showed that mice that had experienced repeated CIE exposure alone or in combination with stress were more prone to continue their high levels of alcohol intake despite the presence of a sucrose solution as an alternative.
啮齿动物模型已通过不同程序探究了从受控制的目标导向性消费向习惯性/强迫性摄入的转变。本研究使用两种能在经历慢性间歇性乙醇（CIE）暴露和/或应激的小鼠中诱导高酒精摄入量的模型，评估蔗糖同时呈现对酒精摄入的影响。
在实验1中，雄性小鼠接受四个周期的CIE或对照（空气）暴露，一旦在CIE小鼠中观察到自愿酒精摄入量增加，就为小鼠提供酒精或浓度递增的蔗糖（从0.75%至12%；w/v）之间的选择。在实验2中，雄性小鼠经历三个周期的CIE暴露、CIE和强迫游泳应激、对照（空气）暴露或强迫游泳应激。一旦在同时经历CIE和应激的小鼠中观察到自愿酒精摄入量升高，就为小鼠提供酒精和蔗糖（从1.5%至6%，w/v连续几天递增）之间的选择。
经历CIE暴露（实验1）或CIE暴露和应激（实验2）的小鼠显示出酒精摄入量增加。在实验1中，3%和12%的蔗糖呈现降低了对照小鼠的酒精摄入量。仅两种最高浓度的蔗糖（6%和12%）影响了经历CIE暴露小鼠的酒精摄入量。在实验2中，6%蔗糖溶液的同时呈现降低了经历CIE、应激或对照暴露小鼠的酒精摄入量；然而，蔗糖的呈现并未影响同时经历CIE和应激小鼠的酒精摄入量。两个实验中各组消耗的蔗糖量没有差异。
这些实验表明，单独经历重复CIE暴露或与应激联合经历的小鼠，尽管有蔗糖溶液作为替代品，仍更倾向于继续保持高酒精摄入量。
