Diersen-Schade D A, Richard M J, Beitz D C, Jacobson N L
J Nutr. 1985 Aug;115(8):1016-24. doi: 10.1093/jn/115.8.1016.
Effects were determined of restricted and liberal feeding of beef-based, soy-based and conventional diets on growth rate, nutrient absorption, body composition and plasma lipid and urea concentrations of young pigs. Beef and soy diets contained more fat (40-50% of calories vs. 8-9%) and cholesterol (0.09 vs. 0%) than did conventional diets; calorie and protein intakes were equal across diets. Beef-fed pigs had greater average daily gain and absorption of fat and gross energy than did conventionally fed pigs; soy-fed pigs had intermediate growth rates but the greatest absorption of fat and gross energy. With restricted intakes, percentage of body fat was greater in soy-fed pigs than in pigs fed a conventional diet or beef and with liberal feeding, greater in soy- and beef-fed pigs than in pigs provided with a conventional diet. Plasma free fatty acid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations were greater in soy- and beef-fed pigs than in conventionally fed pigs. These results indicate that absorption and subsequent partitioning of nutrients toward body fat are influenced by composition as well as the amount of diet consumed. Our results also demonstrate that the pig can successfully be fed diets resembling human diets (i.e., high fat) and because of its physiological similarities to humans our understanding of nutrition and lipid metabolism of humans may be advanced.
研究了限制饲喂和自由采食以牛肉为基础、大豆为基础的日粮以及传统日粮对幼猪生长速率、养分吸收、身体组成以及血浆脂质和尿素浓度的影响。与传统日粮相比，牛肉和大豆日粮含有更多的脂肪（热量的40 - 50% 对比8 - 9%）和胆固醇（0.09对比0%）；各日粮的热量和蛋白质摄入量相等。与传统饲喂的猪相比，采食牛肉的猪平均日增重更高，脂肪和总能的吸收也更多；采食大豆的猪生长速率中等，但脂肪和总能的吸收最多。在限制采食量时，采食大豆的猪体脂百分比高于采食传统日粮或牛肉的猪；在自由采食时，采食大豆和牛肉的猪体脂百分比高于采食传统日粮的猪。采食大豆和牛肉的猪血浆游离脂肪酸、甘油三酯和胆固醇浓度高于传统饲喂的猪。这些结果表明，养分向体脂的吸收及后续分配受日粮组成以及采食量的影响。我们的结果还表明，猪能够成功地采食类似人类的日粮（即高脂肪日粮），并且由于其与人类在生理上的相似性，我们对人类营养和脂质代谢的理解可能会得到推进。
