Gozalov Emil, Karlsson William K, Christensen Rune H, Al-Khazali Haidar M, Hansen Malene B, Olsen Dorte A, Søndergaard Helle B, Sellebjerg Finn, Madsen Jonna S, Ashina Messoud, Ashina Håkan
Department of Neurology, Danish Headache Center, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Cephalalgia. 2025 May;45(5):3331024251338178. doi: 10.1177/03331024251338178. Epub 2025 May 23.
ObjectiveTo determine whether serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) concentrations differ between adults with migraine and healthy controls.MethodsThis single-center, cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2020 to June 2022. Adults diagnosed with migraine and healthy controls were enrolled. Serum GFAP and NfL concentrations were quantified using an ultra-sensitive single-molecule array platform. Analyses were adjusted for potential confounders, including age, sex, body mass index and smoking status.ResultsWe assessed serum samples from 603 participants with migraine and 154 controls. Serum GFAP concentrations were 6.8% higher in the overall migraine group compared to controls (95% confidence interval = 0.4-13.5%; = 0.036). Conversely, serum NfL concentrations did not differ between participants with migraine and controls (difference: -1.4%; 95% confidence interval = -7.9 to 5.6%; = 0.68). Neither serum GFAP, nor NfL concentrations varied according to migraine subtype or headache status at the time of blood sampling.ConclusionsOur findings demonstrate a modest yet statistically significant increase in serum GFAP among adults with migraine, independent of migraine subtype, whereas serum NfL levels were comparable to those of controls. Further research is needed to clarify the neurobiological mechanisms underlying elevated serum GFAP in migraine.
目的
确定偏头痛成人患者与健康对照者血清中的胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）和神经丝轻链（NfL）浓度是否存在差异。
方法
本单中心横断面研究于2020年9月至2022年6月进行。纳入诊断为偏头痛的成人患者和健康对照者。使用超灵敏单分子阵列平台对血清GFAP和NfL浓度进行定量。分析针对潜在混杂因素进行了调整，包括年龄、性别、体重指数和吸烟状况。
结果
我们评估了603名偏头痛患者和154名对照者的血清样本。总体偏头痛组的血清GFAP浓度比对照组高6.8%（95%置信区间 = 0.4 - 13.5%；P = 0.036）。相反，偏头痛患者与对照者的血清NfL浓度没有差异（差异：-1.4%；95%置信区间 = -7.9至5.6%；P = 0.68）。血清GFAP和NfL浓度均不会根据偏头痛亚型或采血时的头痛状态而变化。
结论
我们的研究结果表明，偏头痛成人患者血清GFAP有适度但具有统计学意义的升高，且与偏头痛亚型无关，而血清NfL水平与对照组相当。需要进一步研究以阐明偏头痛患者血清GFAP升高背后的神经生物学机制。
