Leite G B C, Wilms J N, Castro I R R, Marcondes M I, Leal L N
Department of Animal Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164.
Trouw Nutrition Research and Development, PO Box 299, 3800 AG, Amersfoort, the Netherlands.
JDS Commun. 2024 Oct 11;6(2):192-196. doi: 10.3168/jdsc.2024-0628. eCollection 2025 Mar.
This study evaluated the effect of feeding milk replacers (MR) differing in fat composition on plasma cholesterol of dairy calves. Forty-five individually housed male Holstein calves (2.3 ± 0.82 d; mean ± SD) were blocked by arrival day and age. Within each block, calves were randomly assigned to (1) an MR containing a fat blend with 65% rapeseed and 35% coconut fats (RC), (2) an MR containing 65% palm and 35% coconut fats (PC), and (3) an MR containing 65% lard and 35% dairy cream (LD). All MR were isoenergetic with 30% fat, 25% protein, and 36% lactose (DM). Calves were fed 6.0 L/d from d 1 to 5, 7.0 L/d from d 6 to 9, and 8.0 L/d from d 10 to 35 at 13.5% solids. Water and chopped wheat straw were available ad libitum from arrival onward. Milk, water, and straw intakes were recorded daily. Blood was sampled and BW was measured weekly at 1300 h. Fecal scores were recorded daily after the morning meal. Growth and intakes did not differ among treatments. Plasma total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations were higher in calves fed RC than PC and LD, and higher in calves fed PC than LD. Additionally, plasma triglyceride was greater in calves fed PC than LD at wk 2 after arrival, while calves fed RC did not differ from other groups. The proportion of abnormal fecal scores was lower in calves fed RC than PC and LD in wk 2. The fat composition in MR significantly influenced lipid metabolism in calves but had no impact on growth.
本研究评估了饲喂脂肪成分不同的代乳粉（MR）对犊牛血浆胆固醇的影响。45头单独饲养的雄性荷斯坦犊牛（2.3±0.82日龄；平均值±标准差）按到达日期和年龄进行分组。在每个组内，犊牛被随机分配到：（1）一种含有65%油菜籽和35%椰子油脂肪混合物的代乳粉（RC）；（2）一种含有65%棕榈油和35%椰子油脂肪的代乳粉（PC）；（3）一种含有65%猪油和35%乳脂的代乳粉（LD）。所有代乳粉能量相同，脂肪含量为30%，蛋白质含量为25%，乳糖含量为36%（干物质）。犊牛在第1至5天每天饲喂6.0升，第6至9天每天饲喂7.0升，第10至35天每天饲喂8.0升，干物质含量为13.5%。从到达时起可随意提供水和切碎的小麦秸秆。每天记录牛奶、水和秸秆的摄入量。每周13:00采集血液样本并测量体重。每天早餐后记录粪便评分。各处理组间生长和摄入量无差异。饲喂RC的犊牛血浆总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇浓度高于饲喂PC和LD的犊牛，饲喂PC的犊牛高于饲喂LD的犊牛。此外，到达后第2周，饲喂PC的犊牛血浆甘油三酯高于饲喂LD的犊牛，而饲喂RC的犊牛与其他组无差异。第2周，饲喂RC的犊牛异常粪便评分比例低于饲喂PC和LD的犊牛。代乳粉中的脂肪成分显著影响犊牛的脂质代谢，但对生长无影响。
