Yang Zewei, Li Jingjing, Shen Jiawen, Cao Huiru, Wang Yuhan, Hu Sensen, Du Yulu, Wang Yange, Yan Zhongyi, Xie Longxiang, Li Qiming, Gomaa Salwa E, Liu Shejuan, Li Xianghui, Li Jicheng
School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2025 May 8;15:1567592. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2025.1567592. eCollection 2025.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health challenge, with timely and accurate diagnosis being critical for effective disease management and control. Recent advancements in the field of TB diagnostics have focused on the identification and utilization of blood-based biomarkers, offering a non-invasive, rapid, and scalable approach to disease detection. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the latest progress in blood-based biomarkers for TB, highlighting their potential to revolutionize diagnostic strategies. Furthermore, we explore emerging technologies such as NGS, PET-CT, Xpert and line probe assays, which have enhanced the sensitivity, specificity, and accessibility of biomarker-based diagnostics. The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in biomarker analysis is also examined, showcasing its potential to improve diagnostic accuracy and predictive capabilities. This review underscores the need for multidisciplinary collaboration and continued innovation to translate these promising technologies into practical, point-of-care solutions. By addressing these challenges, blood-based biomarkers and emerging technologies hold the potential to significantly improve TB diagnosis, ultimately contributing to global efforts to eradicate this devastating disease.
结核病仍然是一项全球性的健康挑战，及时准确的诊断对于有效的疾病管理和控制至关重要。结核病诊断领域的最新进展集中在基于血液的生物标志物的识别和利用上，为疾病检测提供了一种非侵入性、快速且可扩展的方法。本综述全面概述了基于血液的结核病生物标志物的最新进展，突出了它们革新诊断策略的潜力。此外，我们还探讨了诸如二代测序（NGS）、正电子发射断层扫描（PET-CT）、Xpert和线性探针分析等新兴技术，这些技术提高了基于生物标志物诊断的敏感性、特异性和可及性。还研究了人工智能（AI）和机器学习（ML）在生物标志物分析中的整合，展示了其提高诊断准确性和预测能力的潜力。本综述强调了多学科合作和持续创新的必要性，以便将这些有前景的技术转化为实用的即时诊断解决方案。通过应对这些挑战，基于血液的生物标志物和新兴技术有潜力显著改善结核病诊断，最终为全球根除这一毁灭性疾病的努力做出贡献。
