Li Zhaodong, Hu Yunlong, Zou Fa, Gao Wei, Feng SiWan, Chen Guanghuan, Yang Jing, Wang Wenfei, Shi Chenyan, Cai Yi, Deng Guofang, Chen Xinchun
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China; Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, National-Regional Key Technology Engineering Laboratory for Medical Ultrasound, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Guangdong Key Laboratory of Regional Immunity and Diseases, Department of Pathogen Biology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen 518000, China.
Microbiol Res. 2025 Mar;292:128038. doi: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.128038. Epub 2024 Dec 26.
This review addresses the significant advancements in the identification of blood-based prognostic biomarkers for tuberculosis (TB), highlighting the importance of early detection to prevent disease progression. The manuscript discusses various biomarker categories, including transcriptomic, proteomic, metabolomic, immune cell-based, cytokine-based, and antibody response-based markers, emphasizing their potential in predicting TB incidence. Despite promising results, practical application is hindered by high costs, technical complexities, and the need for extensive validation across diverse populations. Transcriptomic biomarkers, such as the Risk16 signature, show high sensitivity and specificity, while proteomic and metabolic markers provide insights into protein-level changes and biochemical alterations linked to TB. Immune cell and cytokine markers offer real-time data on the body's response to infection. The manuscript also explores the role of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TB susceptibility and the challenges of implementing novel RNA signatures as point-of-care tests in low-resource settings. The review concludes that, while significant progress has been made, further research and development are necessary to refine these biomarkers, improve their practical application, and achieve the World Health Organization's TB elimination goals.
本综述阐述了在结核病（TB）血液预后生物标志物识别方面取得的重大进展，强调了早期检测对预防疾病进展的重要性。该手稿讨论了各种生物标志物类别，包括基于转录组学、蛋白质组学、代谢组学、免疫细胞、细胞因子和抗体反应的标志物，强调了它们在预测结核病发病率方面的潜力。尽管取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但实际应用受到高成本、技术复杂性以及在不同人群中进行广泛验证的需求的阻碍。转录组生物标志物，如Risk16特征，显示出高敏感性和特异性，而蛋白质组和代谢标志物则提供了与结核病相关的蛋白质水平变化和生化改变的见解。免疫细胞和细胞因子标志物提供了关于身体对感染反应的实时数据。该手稿还探讨了单核苷酸多态性在结核病易感性中的作用，以及在资源匮乏地区将新型RNA特征作为即时检测方法实施所面临的挑战。综述得出结论，虽然已经取得了重大进展，但仍需要进一步的研究和开发来优化这些生物标志物，改善其实际应用，并实现世界卫生组织的结核病消除目标。
