Kostev Karel, Kaur Nimran, Vetter Céline, Konrad Marcel
Epidemiology, IQVIA, Frankfurt am Main, Germany; University Clinic, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany.
Epidemiology, IQVIA, Bangalore, India.
J Psychiatr Res. 2025 Jul;187:299-303. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2025.05.030. Epub 2025 May 15.
This study aims to investigate the longitudinal association between sleep disorders and the subsequent development of depression and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents sleep disorders and subsequent depression in children and adolescents.
This retrospective cohort study used electronic medical records from the IQVIA™ Disease Analyzer database and included children and adolescents aged 6-17 years with an initial diagnosis of a sleep disorder and without sleep disorders treated by one of 258 office-based pediatricians between January 2010 and December 2023. The five-year cumulative incidence of depression and anxiety disorders in the cohorts with and without sleep disorders was studied with Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to assess the association between sleep disorders and depression.
The present study included 11,783 children and adolescents with and 58,915 without sleep disorder diagnosis (mean age 10 ± 4 years, 47 % female). Within five years after the index date, 5.3 % of sleep disorder patients and 2.4 % of the matched non-sleep disorder cohort had been diagnosed with depression, and 6.2 % vs. 2.9 % with anxiety disorders. A strong and significant association was observed between sleep disorders and subsequent depression (HR: 2.16; 95 % CI: 1.94-2.39) and anxiety disorder (HR: 2.98; 95 % CI: 1.88-2.30). Upon the exclusion of depression and anxiety disorder diagnoses in the first year after the index date, the association between sleep disorders and both depression (HR: 1.86; 95 % CI: 1.64-2.10) and anxiety disorders (HR: 1.79; 95 % CI: 1.59-2.03) remained strong and significant.
The study indicates a strong and significant association between sleep disorders and depression and anxiety disorders in children and adolescents.
本研究旨在调查儿童和青少年睡眠障碍与随后发生的抑郁和焦虑障碍之间的纵向关联，即儿童和青少年睡眠障碍与随后的抑郁症之间的关联。
这项回顾性队列研究使用了IQVIA™疾病分析仪数据库中的电子病历，纳入了2010年1月至2023年12月期间由258名门诊儿科医生之一进行初始诊断为睡眠障碍且未患睡眠障碍的6至17岁儿童和青少年。采用Kaplan-Meier曲线研究有睡眠障碍和无睡眠障碍队列中抑郁和焦虑障碍的五年累积发病率。多变量Cox回归分析用于评估睡眠障碍与抑郁症之间的关联。
本研究纳入了11783名患有睡眠障碍的儿童和青少年以及58915名未被诊断出睡眠障碍的儿童和青少年（平均年龄10±4岁，47%为女性）。在索引日期后的五年内，5.3%的睡眠障碍患者和2.4%的匹配非睡眠障碍队列被诊断出患有抑郁症，焦虑症的比例分别为6.2%和2.9%。观察到睡眠障碍与随后的抑郁症（HR：2.16；95%CI：1.94-2.39）和焦虑症（HR：2.98；95%CI：1.88-2.30）之间存在强烈且显著的关联。在排除索引日期后第一年的抑郁和焦虑障碍诊断后，睡眠障碍与抑郁症（HR：1.86；95%CI：1.64-2.10）和焦虑症（HR：1.79；95%CI：1.59-2.03）之间的关联仍然强烈且显著。
该研究表明儿童和青少年睡眠障碍与抑郁和焦虑障碍之间存在强烈且显著的关联。
