Kumar Narendra, Segovia Daniel, Kumar Priyam, Atti Hima Bindu, Kumar Soaham, Mishra Jayshree
ILR-College of Pharmacy, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Kingsville, TX, USA.
University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Mol Med. 2025 May 23;31(1):203. doi: 10.1186/s10020-025-01260-z.
The JAK family, particularly JAK3, plays a crucial role in immune signaling and inflammatory responses. Dysregulated JAK3 activation in SARS-CoV-2 infections has been associated with severe inflammation and respiratory complications, making JAK inhibitors a viable therapeutic option. However, their use raises concerns regarding immunosuppression, which could increase susceptibility to secondary infections. While long-term adverse effects are less of a concern in acute COVID-19 treatment, patient selection and monitoring remain critical. Furthermore, adverse effects associated with oral JAK3 inhibitors necessitate the exploration of alternative strategies to optimize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing risks. This review highlights the role of JAK3 in immune and epithelial cells, examines the adverse effects of oral JAK3 inhibitors in COVID-19 and other treatments, and discusses alternative therapeutic strategies for improving patient outcomes.
JAK家族，尤其是JAK3，在免疫信号传导和炎症反应中起着关键作用。在新冠病毒感染中，JAK3激活失调与严重炎症和呼吸并发症有关，这使得JAK抑制剂成为一种可行的治疗选择。然而，其使用引发了对免疫抑制的担忧，这可能会增加继发感染的易感性。虽然在急性新冠肺炎治疗中，长期不良反应不太受关注，但患者的选择和监测仍然至关重要。此外，口服JAK3抑制剂相关的不良反应使得有必要探索替代策略，以在将风险降至最低的同时优化治疗效果。本综述强调了JAK3在免疫细胞和上皮细胞中的作用，研究了口服JAK3抑制剂在新冠肺炎及其他治疗中的不良反应，并讨论了改善患者预后的替代治疗策略。
