Du Peilin, Zhang Jing, Zhang Tiancai, Yang Rongguo, Gao Jiangrui
State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics Technologies and Devices, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 25;15(1):18199. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02899-8.
Continuous-variable measurement-based quantum computation, which requires deterministically generated large-scale cluster states, is a promising candidate for practical, scalable, universal, and fault-tolerant quantum computation. In this work, based on our compact and scalable scheme of generating a two-dimensional spatiotemporal cluster state, a complete architecture including cluster state preparation, gate implementations, and error correction, is proposed. First, a scheme for generating two-dimensional large-scale continuous-variable cluster state by multiplexing both the temporal and spatial domains is proposed. Then, the corresponding gate implementations by gate teleportation are discussed and the actual gate noise from the generated cluster state is considered. After that, the quantum error correction can be further achieved by utilizing the square-lattice Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code. Finally, a fault-tolerant quantum computation can be realized by introducing bias into the square-lattice GKP code (to protect against phase-flip errors) and concatenating a repetition code (to handle the residual bit-flip errors), with a squeezing threshold of 12.3 dB. Our work provides a possible option for a complete fault-tolerant quantum computation architecture in the future.
基于连续变量测量的量子计算需要确定性地生成大规模簇态，是实现实用、可扩展、通用和容错量子计算的一个有前途的候选方案。在这项工作中，基于我们生成二维时空簇态的紧凑且可扩展方案，提出了一个完整的架构，包括簇态制备、门操作实现和纠错。首先，提出了一种通过复用时间和空间域来生成二维大规模连续变量簇态的方案。然后，讨论了通过门隐形传态实现相应门操作的方法，并考虑了生成的簇态产生的实际门噪声。之后，利用方格Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill（GKP）码可以进一步实现量子纠错。最后，通过在方格GKP码中引入偏置（以防止相位翻转错误）并级联重复码（以处理残留的比特翻转错误），实现了容错量子计算，压缩阈值为12.3 dB。我们的工作为未来完整的容错量子计算架构提供了一种可能的选择。
