Liu Chunhua, Qiu Linan, Wang Tingting, Ye Zegen, Wu Simin, Li Di, Lin Huajian, Jin Yue
Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang University of Chinese Medicine, Liandu District, Lishui, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Geriatrics and Neurology, Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
Front Neurol. 2025 May 9;16:1540182. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1540182. eCollection 2025.
The visceral adiposity index (VAI) reliably measures body fat distribution and related dysfunctions. However, its association with sleep disorders among US adults remains unclear.
This study analyzed cross-sectional data from the 2005 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for adults aged 18 and older. We used multivariable logistic regression to evaluate the association between VAI and sleep disorders and applied restricted cubic splines to assess potential non-linear relationships. Additionally, subgroup analyses by gender, age, and race were conducted to explore the VAI-sleep disorder association across different populations.
This study included 14,021 adults aged 18 +. In Model 1, adjusted for gender and age, each unit increase in VAI was associated with a 5% higher risk of sleep disorders (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.02-1.07). In Model 2, which adjusted for all potential confounders, each unit increase in VAI was linked to a 3% higher risk (OR = 1.03; 95% CI = 1.00-1.05). When treating VAI as a categorical variable, those in the highest quartile (Q4) had a 21% higher risk of sleep disorders compared to those in the lowest quartile (Q1) (OR = 1.21; 95% CI 1.03-1.41). Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed a positive linear relationship between VAI and sleep disorder prevalence. Subgroup analysis found stronger associations in males and non-Hispanic white individuals.
While causality cannot be confirmed, this cross-sectional study shows a significant positive linear association between higher VAI and the risk of sleep disorders among U.S. adults.
内脏脂肪指数（VAI）可可靠地测量身体脂肪分布及相关功能障碍。然而，其与美国成年人睡眠障碍之间的关联仍不明确。
本研究分析了2005年至2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中18岁及以上成年人的横断面数据。我们使用多变量逻辑回归来评估VAI与睡眠障碍之间的关联，并应用受限立方样条来评估潜在的非线性关系。此外，还按性别、年龄和种族进行了亚组分析，以探讨不同人群中VAI与睡眠障碍的关联。
本研究纳入了14,021名18岁及以上的成年人。在模型1中，经性别和年龄调整后，VAI每增加一个单位，睡眠障碍风险就会增加5%（比值比[OR]=1.05；95%置信区间[CI]=1.02 - 1.07）。在模型2中，经所有潜在混杂因素调整后，VAI每增加一个单位，风险会增加3%（OR = 1.03；95% CI = 1.00 - 1.05）。将VAI作为分类变量处理时，最高四分位数（Q4）人群的睡眠障碍风险比最低四分位数（Q1）人群高21%（OR = 1.21；95% CI 1.03 - 1.41）。受限立方样条分析显示VAI与睡眠障碍患病率之间存在正线性关系。亚组分析发现男性和非西班牙裔白人个体中的关联更强。
虽然无法确定因果关系，但这项横断面研究表明，较高的VAI与美国成年人睡眠障碍风险之间存在显著的正线性关联。
