Rodrigues Ana Paula da Costa, Pozzobon Ricardo, De Bastiani Grasiela, De La Côrte Flávio Desessards, Azevedo Marcos da Silva
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência Animal, Setor de Clínica e Cirurgia de Grandes Animais, UNIPAMPA, Uruguaiana, RS, Brazil.
Departamento de Clínicas de Grandes Animais, UFSM, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil.
Braz J Vet Med. 2025 May 22;47:e008224. doi: 10.29374/2527-2179.bjvm008224. eCollection 2025.
Lameness, which arises from functional or structural changes in the limbs or axial skeleton, causes asymmetry in the movement of the equine head and/or pelvis. This study aimed to investigate the lameness patterns of horses that underwent lameness examination or monitoring during the years 2016 to 2020. This retrospective study used data from the lameness examination, evaluated using an objective assessment with body-mounted wireless inertial sensors. The lameness examination comprised clinical history, static inspection, palpation, gait evaluation (for which the animals were equipped with a wireless inertial sensor system), flexion tests, lunging examination, diagnostic anesthetic blocks, and imaging examinations. Based on objective assessment data, the condition of lameness, limb with primary lameness, type of lameness, intensity, and location of lameness were determined. Of the 235 animals included in this study, 93,6% presented lameness. Of the animals with lameness, 59,5% had forelimb lameness and 40,5% had hindlimb lameness. The most frequent lameness condition was primary lameness in one limb and secondary lameness in the other. Impact lameness was the most frequent type in both the forelimb and hindlimb. Moderate-to-severe lameness was the most frequent level of intensity. Regarding the lameness location, in the forelimb, the distal region was the most affected, while in the hindlimb, the proximal lower region was the most affected. We conclude that forelimb lameness is more frequent in horses examined in southern Brazil and mainly affects the distal limb region.
跛行源于四肢或中轴骨骼的功能或结构变化，会导致马头部和/或骨盆运动不对称。本研究旨在调查2016年至2020年间接受跛行检查或监测的马匹的跛行模式。这项回顾性研究使用了跛行检查的数据，通过佩戴在身体上的无线惯性传感器进行客观评估。跛行检查包括临床病史、静态检查、触诊、步态评估（为此给动物配备了无线惯性传感器系统）、屈曲试验、牵遛检查、诊断性麻醉阻滞和影像学检查。根据客观评估数据，确定跛行状况、主要跛行肢体、跛行类型、强度和跛行部位。本研究纳入的235只动物中，93.6%出现跛行。在有跛行的动物中，59.5%为前肢跛行，40.5%为后肢跛行。最常见的跛行情况是一侧肢体原发性跛行，另一侧肢体继发性跛行。冲击性跛行在前肢和后肢中都是最常见的类型。中度至重度跛行是最常见的强度级别。关于跛行部位，在前肢，远端区域受影响最大，而在后肢，近端下部区域受影响最大。我们得出结论，在巴西南部接受检查的马匹中，前肢跛行更为常见，且主要影响肢体远端区域。
