ALMadi Maha K, ALGhanim Basmah Z, ALFadhli Abdulmohsen N, ALHussain Abdullah H, Handoom Abdullah M, ALBaqawi Basim, ALSowayan Ossamah S
Department of Urology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
J Family Community Med. 2025 Apr-Jun;32(2):131-137. doi: 10.4103/jfcm.jfcm_315_24. Epub 2025 Apr 30.
Bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD), a common condition affecting school-age children, is characterized by lower urinary tract symptoms, recurrent urinary tract infections, and bowel elimination issues. Toileting habits are often overlooked in clinical assessment as a contributor, leading to frequent clinic visits without properly addressing the problem.
This study assessed school toileting behaviors in children and the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of BBD. Study population comprised of children between 5 and 10 years old, attending schools regularly across the cities of Al Khobar, Dammam, and Al Qatif. Data were collected between December 2023 and March 2024 through an invitation to participate in a web-based questionnaire distributed through social media platforms (WhatsApp groups and "X"), open only to parents reporting having children within our age limits and cities of assessment. Using both the Dysfunctional Voiding Scoring System and school toileting behavior and environment questionnaire, a multivariate regression model was used to assess the predictive factors for BBD.
A total of 290 participants were included in the study, and they were evenly distributed across various age groups. There were slightly more females (56%) than males. Most children (98.3%) were Saudi nationals and reported attending government-funded schools (62.1%). Data analysis showed that 111 (38%) children had symptoms suggestive of BBD of which 68% were females. Age, type of school attended, and satisfaction with cleanliness of toilet did not emerge as significant predictors of BBD in our study group (P > 0.05).
While BBD symptoms were prevalent in our study population, most reported satisfaction with their school toilet environment. Further studies across other regions of Saudi Arabia can provide more insight and guide school officials accordingly. Fostering a supportive, safe, and hygienic school toileting environment will promote an overall healthy elimination habit of children.
膀胱和肠道功能障碍（BBD）是一种影响学龄儿童的常见病症，其特征为下尿路症状、反复尿路感染和肠道排泄问题。在临床评估中，如厕习惯常被忽视，未被视为一个影响因素，导致患儿频繁就诊但问题却未得到妥善解决。
本研究评估了儿童在学校的如厕行为以及提示BBD的症状患病率。研究人群包括5至10岁的儿童，他们在胡拜尔、达曼和卡提夫等城市的学校正常就读。2023年12月至2024年3月期间，通过邀请参与在社交媒体平台（WhatsApp群组和“X”）上发布的网络调查问卷来收集数据，该问卷仅向报告有年龄在我们评估范围内且居住在评估城市的孩子的家长开放。使用功能失调性排尿评分系统以及学校如厕行为与环境问卷，通过多元回归模型来评估BBD的预测因素。
共有290名参与者纳入本研究，他们在各个年龄组中分布均匀。女性（56%）略多于男性。大多数儿童（98.3%）是沙特公民，且就读于政府资助的学校（62.1%）。数据分析显示，111名（38%）儿童有提示BBD的症状，其中68%为女性。在我们的研究组中，年龄、就读学校类型以及对厕所清洁度的满意度并未成为BBD的显著预测因素（P>0.05）。
虽然BBD症状在我们的研究人群中普遍存在，但大多数人对学校厕所环境表示满意。在沙特阿拉伯其他地区开展进一步研究可以提供更多见解，并据此指导学校管理人员。营造一个支持性、安全且卫生的学校如厕环境将促进儿童养成全面健康的排泄习惯。
