Godunko Roman J, Martynov Alexander V, Damzen Jonas, Staniczek Arnold H
Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 37005, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16, 90237, Łódź, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18415. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01722-8.
Extant representatives of the mayfly family Ameletopsidae Edmunds, 1957 as well as other three small families (Nesameletidae Riek, 1973, Oniscigastridae Lameere, 1917 and Rallidentidae Penniket, 1966) traditionally have been classified within the paraphyletic superfamily Siphlonuroidea. Except for Rallidentidae, which are endemic to New Zealand, they have an amphinotic distribution. Ameletopsidae are present with two genera in South America, one genus in Australia, and one genus in New Zealand. The fossil record of Ameletopsidae is scarce. The Mesozoic monospecific genus Promirara Jell & Duncan, 1986 was described from a larva of the Early Cretaceous Koonwarra Fossil Bed in Australia. Also associated with Ameletopsidae is the Cenozoic genus Balticophlebia Demoulin, 1968, which was recorded from Eocene Baltic amber based on a female adult. While the systematic position of the Eocene Balticophlebia seems to be still unclear and in need of clarification, we are able to confirm the presence of Ameletopsidae in the Eocene of Europe by describing Nebesna sotnia gen. & sp. nov. based on a relatively well-preserved male imago from Baltic amber. The fossil record thus indeed supports an ancient Pangean history of this family.
蜉蝣科Ameletopsidae Edmunds，1957年的现存代表以及其他三个小科（Nesameletidae Riek，1973年；Oniscigastridae Lameere，1917年；Rallidentidae Penniket，1966年）传统上被归类于并系的蜉蝣总科Siphlonuroidea中。除了新西兰特有的Rallidentidae科，它们具有两栖分布。Ameletopsidae科在南美洲有两个属，在澳大利亚有一个属，在新西兰有一个属。Ameletopsidae科的化石记录很少。中生代的单型属Promirara Jell & Duncan，1986年是根据澳大利亚早白垩世库恩瓦拉化石床的一只幼虫描述的。与Ameletopsidae科相关的还有新生代属Balticophlebia Demoulin，1968年，它是根据一只成年雌性从始新世波罗的海琥珀中记录的。虽然始新世波罗的海蜉蝣的系统位置似乎仍然不清楚，需要进一步阐明，但我们通过基于波罗的海琥珀中保存相对完好的雄性成虫描述Nebesna sotnia gen. & sp. nov.，能够确认欧洲始新世存在Ameletopsidae科。因此，化石记录确实支持了这个科古老的泛古陆历史。
