Wang Ying, Zhao Ziao, Wang Jingbo, Jiang Shan, Ma Xiulan, Gao Laibin, Liu Huiqing
College of Resources and Environment, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
School of New Energy and Environment, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18417. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02522-w.
In this experiment, the adsorption characteristics and release risk of phosphorus from three types of soils-namely no-tillage with straw off the field (CK), no-tillage with straw crushed and mulched (FS), and no-tillage with straw high-stubble mulched (GH), were investigated using a batch experimental method. The data showed that the adsorption of phosphorus was divided into three stages and reached equilibrium at 480 min. Compared with CK, FS and GH treatments reduced phosphorus adsorption by 14.68% and 24.63%, respectively. The highest adsorption occurred at pH 7, and the adsorption of phosphorus by the soil gradually decreased with increasing nitrogen concentration. Correlation analysis of soil physicochemical properties and adsorption characteristics showed that the maximum adsorption of phosphorus (Qmax) was significantly negatively correlated with the available nitrogen (AN) and positively correlated with the pH value. The environmental risk index (ERI) followed the order to GH > FS > CK, with physicochemical interactions contributing 87.13% to phosphorus adsorption. Comprehensive analysis concluded that straw return decreased the soil's phosphorus adsorption capacity, enhanced phosphorus availability, but increased the risk of phosphorus release. Appropriately increasing soil pH and reducing nitrogen fertilizer application can enhance phosphorus adsorption.
本实验采用批次实验法，研究了三种土壤（即秸秆离田免耕（CK）、秸秆粉碎覆盖免耕（FS）和秸秆高茬覆盖免耕（GH））对磷的吸附特性和释放风险。数据表明，磷的吸附分为三个阶段，在480分钟时达到平衡。与CK相比，FS和GH处理分别使磷吸附降低了14.68%和24.63%。最高吸附发生在pH值为7时，土壤对磷的吸附随氮浓度增加而逐渐降低。土壤理化性质与吸附特性的相关分析表明，磷的最大吸附量（Qmax）与有效氮（AN）呈显著负相关，与pH值呈正相关。环境风险指数（ERI）顺序为GH＞FS＞CK，物理化学相互作用对磷吸附的贡献率为87.13%。综合分析得出，秸秆还田降低了土壤对磷的吸附能力，提高了磷的有效性，但增加了磷释放的风险。适当提高土壤pH值和减少氮肥施用量可增强磷的吸附。
