Mazloom Pooria, Shojaie Seyed Habib, Mousavi Seyed Mohammad Nasir
Department of Agronomy, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran.
Department of Biotechnology and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science and Technology, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, 1477893855, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 26;15(1):18329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02628-1.
An experiment using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications was conducted on 10 corn genotypes to evaluate the effect of genotype × trait interaction on grain yield. Analysis of variance revealed that all genotypes differed significantly (p < 0.01) across all traits. Duncan's multiple range test identified KSC704 and KSC706 as favorable genotypes, while SC540 and KSC260 were considered unfavorable. Correlation analysis showed a positive association between grain yield and chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, phosphorus, carotenoids, sodium, catalase, and potassium. Principal component analysis indicated that the first five components accounted for over 79% of the total data variance. Based on the first two principal components, the genotypes were grouped into four distinct clusters, and the traits into three. A graphical assessment of genotype performance was also conducted. According to the polygon view, genotypes KSC705, KSC400, KSC706, DC370, SC540, and KSC260 were identified as favorable. Among them, KSC705 and KSC400 were selected as the most desirable genotypes based on trait-based and ideal-genotype ranking diagrams. The biplot analysis further confirmed the grouping of genotypes into four distinct clusters.
采用随机完全区组设计（RCBD），重复3次，对10个玉米基因型进行试验，以评估基因型×性状互作对籽粒产量的影响。方差分析表明，所有基因型在所有性状上均存在显著差异（p < 0.01）。邓肯多重极差检验确定KSC704和KSC706为优良基因型，而SC540和KSC260被认为是不良基因型。相关性分析表明，籽粒产量与叶绿素a、叶绿素b、磷、类胡萝卜素、钠、过氧化氢酶和钾呈正相关。主成分分析表明，前五个成分占总数据方差的79%以上。基于前两个主成分，将基因型分为四个不同的聚类，性状分为三类。还对基因型表现进行了图形评估。根据多边形视图，确定KSC705、KSC400、KSC706、DC370、SC540和KSC260为优良基因型。其中，根据基于性状和理想基因型的排名图，KSC705和KSC400被选为最理想的基因型。双标图分析进一步证实了基因型分为四个不同聚类。
