OBJECTIVE

To identify firearm behaviors and perceptions that differentiate firearm owners with a history of suicidal thoughts from other firearm owners and from nonfirearm owners with a history of suicidal thoughts.

METHODS

A nationally representative sample (n = 8009) of adults residing in the United States completed a self-report survey May 15-May 28, 2024.

RESULTS

Firearm owners with a history of suicidal thoughts were 45% likelier to store firearms loaded and unlocked and reported a stronger belief that home firearm access increases suicide risk. Some subgroups of firearm owners more heavily represented among those with a history of suicidal thoughts (e.g., women) were more likely to store firearms loaded and unlocked if they endorsed a history of suicidal thoughts.

CONCLUSIONS

Firearm owners with a history of suicidal thoughts are more likely to recognize the link between firearm access and suicide risk, but nonetheless are more likely to store firearms unsecured. Identification of firearm owners with suicidal ideation remains difficult, but findings point toward subgroups and beliefs to target with messages aimed at promoting secure firearm storage.