Alokla Eisa, Stasica Maximilian, Puttke Martin, Firouzi Vahid, Ahmad Sharbafi Maziar, Seyfarth André
Lauflabor Locomotion Laboratory, Institute of Sports Science and Centre for Cognitive Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alexanderstraße 10, 64283 Darmstadt, Germany.
DANAMOS®-Dance Native Motion System, 10178 Berlin, Germany.
Sports (Basel). 2025 Apr 24;13(5):132. doi: 10.3390/sports13050132.
Mental images such as foci of attention can significantly enhance the quality of movements, providing a positive effect on human performance, e.g., in dancers or athletes. Thirteen participants (height = 161 ± 13 cm, mass = 46.4 ± 17.3 kg, and age = 21 ± 8.4 years) with varying levels of experience in classical ballet were divided into three groups (amateur, professional, and children). Each participant performed three sauté en suite jumps, followed by an instruction to imagine "taking the floor with them" during the jump. The study aimed to assess the effect of this external focus on jumping performance using biomechanical modeling. Results showed a statistically significant increase in jump height and an expanded range of motion in the hip and knee joints after the intervention, suggesting a positive influence on movement quality. However, results varied among groups, with no significant change in leg stiffness across participants, though tendencies appeared within each group. These findings indicate that an external focus of attention could be a useful tool in dance pedagogy, enhancing performance quality across experience levels and supporting individual progress. The study recommends further research to explore the full impact of psychologically effective instructions on various aspects of physical performance.
诸如注意力焦点之类的心理意象能够显著提升动作质量,对人类表现产生积极影响,例如对舞者或运动员而言。13名具有不同古典芭蕾经验水平的参与者(身高 = 161 ± 13厘米,体重 = 46.4 ± 17.3千克,年龄 = 21 ± 8.4岁)被分为三组(业余组、专业组和儿童组)。每位参与者进行三次连续的 sauté 跳跃,随后接到指令,在跳跃过程中想象“与他们一同落地”。该研究旨在通过生物力学建模评估这种外部焦点对跳跃表现的影响。结果显示,干预后跳跃高度有统计学意义的显著增加,髋部和膝关节的运动范围扩大,表明对动作质量有积极影响。然而,各组结果有所不同,参与者的腿部刚度没有显著变化,不过每组内部呈现出一定趋势。这些发现表明,外部注意力焦点可能是舞蹈教学中的一个有用工具,可提升各经验水平的表现质量并支持个人进步。该研究建议进一步开展研究,以探索心理有效指令对身体表现各个方面的全面影响。