Zhang Yazhai, Xia Zhilei, Nafsun Aainaa Izyan, Feng Weiying
Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Pahang Al-Sultan Abdullah, Lebuh Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, Kuantan 26300, Pahang, Malaysia.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hebei Minzu Normal University, Chengde 067000, China.
Toxics. 2025 May 16;13(5):402. doi: 10.3390/toxics13050402.
Toxicity and pollution of heavy metals in water environments are very serious threats, and how to efficiently remove heavy metals is a difficult problem in water ecosystems. This study takes Cr and Pb as examples to study the adsorption effects of different types of modified biochar on these two heavy metals and their influencing mechanisms, with the aim of providing precise treatment schemes for water ecological health. Biochar was prepared from apricot branches, apricot shells, and corn stalks through nitrogen doping modification, and its structure and properties were characterized and analyzed. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were employed to investigate the microstructure and surface chemical characteristics of the biochar. Adsorption experiments were conducted to evaluate its removal efficiency for Cr and Pb from aqueous solutions. The results showed that nitrogen-doped biochar prepared from corn stalks at 600 °C exhibited the highest Cr adsorption rate of 81.09%, while the biochar prepared at 500 °C demonstrated the highest Pb adsorption rate of 91.61%. Comparative analysis of FTIR and SEM data between nitrogen-doped biochar and its original counterparts revealed the underlying adsorption mechanisms, which involve a synergistic effect of coordination interaction, electrostatic attraction, and chemical reduction. This study highlights nitrogen-doped biochar as an efficient and cost-effective material for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous environments. It also provides theoretical and practical insights into the resource utilization of agricultural waste and the management of water pollution.
水环境中重金属的毒性和污染是非常严重的威胁，如何高效去除重金属是水生态系统中的一个难题。本研究以铬和铅为例，研究不同类型的改性生物炭对这两种重金属的吸附效果及其影响机制，旨在为水生态健康提供精准的治理方案。通过氮掺杂改性由杏树枝、杏壳和玉米秸秆制备生物炭，并对其结构和性能进行表征与分析。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究生物炭的微观结构和表面化学特性。进行吸附实验以评估其对水溶液中铬和铅的去除效率。结果表明，600℃下由玉米秸秆制备的氮掺杂生物炭对铬的吸附率最高，为81.09%，而500℃制备的生物炭对铅的吸附率最高，为91.61%。对氮掺杂生物炭及其原始对应物的FTIR和SEM数据进行比较分析，揭示了潜在的吸附机制，其中包括配位相互作用、静电吸引和化学还原的协同效应。本研究突出了氮掺杂生物炭作为从水环境中去除重金属离子的一种高效且经济有效的材料。它还为农业废弃物的资源利用和水污染治理提供了理论和实践见解。
