Yu Furong, Ji Yuekun, Yan Conghui, Li Zhiping, Zhang Jianuo, Jin Yue
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Resources Conservation and Restoration in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yellow River Basin, Ministry of Natural Resources, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138698. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138698. Epub 2025 May 22.
A novel assessment approach for multi-dimensional microplastic particles (Multi-MPs), grounded in the objective weighting method, is applied to the soil and groundwater alongside the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. The results showed that MPs concentration ranged from 426 to 3011 n∙kg in soil layer (0-15 cm). Dominant soil MPs exhibited sizes ranging from 25 to 150 μm (61.4 % - 88.3 %), with fibrous (51.3 % - 71.1 %), and transparent (26.2 % - 60.4 %) constituents, respectively. The polymer types mainly included polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene terephthalate (PET). The abundance of MPs in groundwater ranged from 2.28 to 20.5 n∙L. The main characteristics of MPs in groundwater were sizes of 25-150 μm (90.2 % - 97.1 %), with fibrous (17.7 % - 74.0 %), and transparent (26.1 % - 60.3 %) constituents, and PE/PP/PET polymer composition. Land-use type was the main factor determining the distribution of MPs in soil, and the community composition of MPs in soil and groundwater varied accordingly. The Multi-MP risk assessment index revealed that soil risks were predominantly ranked at Class Ⅲ (medium), while 23.1 % of groundwater samples reached Class Ⅳ (high-risk). These findings highlight the critical need to prioritize groundwater microplastic pollution in environmental management. This study aims to develop a holistic approach incorporating multidimensional indicators to enhance the risk assessment framework for MPs. Future studies should focus on long-term ecological impacts of MPs and the development of standardized protocols for multi-dimensional risk assessment to guide targeted mitigation strategies.
一种基于客观赋权法的新型多维微塑料颗粒（Multi-MPs）评估方法，被应用于黄河中下游的土壤和地下水中。结果表明，土壤层（0-15厘米）中微塑料颗粒浓度范围为426至3011 n∙kg。土壤中主要的微塑料颗粒尺寸在25至150微米之间（占61.4% - 88.3%），其成分分别为纤维状（占51.3% - 71.1%）和透明状（占26.2% - 60.4%）。聚合物类型主要包括聚乙烯（PE）、聚丙烯（PP）和聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯（PET）。地下水中微塑料颗粒的丰度范围为2.28至20.5 n∙L。地下水中微塑料颗粒的主要特征是尺寸为25 - 150微米（占90.2% - 97.1%），成分有纤维状（占17.7% - 74.0%）和透明状（占26.1% - 60.3%），聚合物组成也是PE/PP/PET。土地利用类型是决定土壤中微塑料颗粒分布的主要因素，土壤和地下水中微塑料颗粒的群落组成也相应有所不同。多维微塑料颗粒风险评估指数显示，土壤风险主要为Ⅲ类（中等），而23.1%的地下水样本达到Ⅳ类（高风险）。这些发现凸显了在环境管理中优先考虑地下水微塑料污染的迫切需求。本研究旨在开发一种纳入多维指标的整体方法，以完善微塑料颗粒的风险评估框架。未来的研究应关注微塑料颗粒的长期生态影响以及制定多维风险评估的标准化方案，以指导有针对性的缓解策略。
