Assessing shear bond strength of various surface treatments of titanium alloy with high translucency monolithic zirconia.

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the shear bond strength of high translucent monolithic zirconia and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) after various surface treatments using resin cement.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Ninety Ti6Al4V specimens were randomly allocated into six groups (n = 15 per group): untreated titanium (CT; control), 50-µm alumina airborne-particle abrasion (AB), 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF), anodization (AN), AB followed by AN (AB-AN), and HF followed by AN (HF-AN). Representative specimen from each group was examined using a scanning electron microscope and laser confocal microscopy. The specimens were bonded with 50-µm alumina air-abraded high translucent monolithic zirconia specimen using 10-methacryloyloxydecal dihydrogen phosphate (10-MDP)-containing primer and 10-methoxyl methyl methacrylate (MMA)-based resin cement. The failure mode of was classified using a stereomicroscope. Results were analyzed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey's adjustment for multiple comparisons (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

The mean bond strength of AB (36.9 ± 1.6 MPa) and HF (32.5 ± 3.4 MPa) groups were statistically significantly higher than other groups (p < 0.05). The AN group showed the lowest bond strength (29.55 ± 3.62 MPa); however, there was no significant difference between CT, AN, AB-AN, and HF-AN. The stereomicroscopic analysis revealed that the AN, AB-AN, and HF-AN groups predominantly showed mixed failure modes.

CONCLUSION

The surface treatment of Ti6Al4V with either 50-µm alumina airborne-particle abrasion or 9.5% hydrofluoric acid improved the bond strength between Ti6Al4V and high translucent monolithic zirconia. Anodization did not improve the bond strength, regardless of the surface treatments.