Nikanorova Alena A, Barashkov Nikolay A, Pshennikova Vera G, Nakhodkin Sergey S, Romanov Georgii P, Solovyev Aisen V, Fedorova Sardana A
Yakut Science Centre of Complex Medical Problems, Yaroslavskogo 6/3, 677000 Yakutsk, Russia.
M.K. Ammosov North-Eastern Federal University, Kulakovskogo 46, 677013 Yakutsk, Russia.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;14(5):454. doi: 10.3390/biology14050454.
Six isoforms of uncoupling proteins (UCPs) exist, spanning from UCP1 to UCP6. A precise physiological function has only been established for UCP1, which is involved in non-shivering thermogenesis, but the functions of other UCPs are still not fully defined. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to search for indications of the involvement of nine polymorphic variants of - genes in human adaptation to cold climates using four criteria: (1) the presence of associations of polymorphic variants of genes with levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, free triiodothyronine, and free thyroxine; (2) the presence of associations of polymorphic variants of genes with changes in thyroid homeostasis (SPINA); (3) the presence of associations of polymorphic variants of genes with body surface area; (4) the presence of signals of directional selection to cold climate for polymorphic variants of genes. As a result of the evaluation, the highest scores for cold adaptation traits were recorded for polymorphic variants rs3811787 of the gene and rs1800849 of the gene. We suggest that the results obtained indicate the importance of uncoupling proteins and in human adaptation to cold through processes of non-shivering and shivering thermogenesis.
解偶联蛋白（UCPs）存在六种亚型，从UCP1到UCP6。目前仅明确了UCP1的精确生理功能，其参与非颤抖性产热，但其他UCPs的功能仍未完全明确。因此，本研究的目的是使用四个标准寻找 - 基因的九个多态性变体参与人类适应寒冷气候的迹象：（1） - 基因多态性变体与促甲状腺激素、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸和游离甲状腺素水平之间的关联；（2） - 基因多态性变体与甲状腺内环境稳定变化（SPINA）之间的关联；（3） - 基因多态性变体与体表面积之间的关联；（4） - 基因多态性变体对寒冷气候的定向选择信号。评估结果显示， - 基因的多态性变体rs3811787和 - 基因的rs1800849在寒冷适应性状方面得分最高。我们认为，所得结果表明解偶联蛋白 和 在人类通过非颤抖性和颤抖性产热过程适应寒冷方面具有重要作用。
