Zuo Lijun, Wang Yao, Wang Jinfu, Yao Yidi, Yang Guan
School of Physical Education, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
School of Design, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 May 17;13(10):1170. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13101170.
: Negative emotion, such as anxiety and depression, significantly impacts college students' academic performance, social relationships, and overall well-being. Given that, this study aims to explore the effect of physical activity on alleviating negative emotion among Chinese college students and to examine the mediating and moderating mechanisms of psychological resilience including individual power and supportive power. : A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 596 college students from 10 universities in Guangdong Province (M = 20.32, SD = 1.47). Data were collected using the Physical Activity Rating Scale (PARS-3), Adolescent Psychological Resilience Scale (APRS), and Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale (DASS-21). Descriptive and correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, and PROCESS macro models were used to test the mediating and moderating effects. : (1) Physical activity ( = -0.312, < 0.001) and supportive power ( = -0.391, < 0.001) both significantly negatively predicted negative emotion; (2) Individual power played a partial mediating role between physical activity and negative emotion (indirect effect accounted for 31.4%, 95% CI [-0.395, -0.242]); (3) Supportive power moderated the relationship between physical activity and negative emotion (interaction effect = 0.089, < 0.01), with a stronger effect of physical exercise on reducing negative emotion under low supportive conditions ( = -0.401 vs. = -0.224). : Physical activity not only directly affects negative emotion but also indirectly influences negative emotion by enhancing psychological resilience (individual power), and supportive power could moderate this effect through a resource substitution mechanism. The present study provides a theoretical basis for designing targeted mental health interventions and emphasizes the synergistic effect of integrating physical activity and social support on college students' mental health.
消极情绪，如焦虑和抑郁，会对大学生的学业成绩、社交关系及整体幸福感产生重大影响。鉴于此，本研究旨在探讨体育活动对缓解中国大学生消极情绪的作用，并检验心理韧性（包括个人力量和支持力量）的中介和调节机制。
对来自广东省10所大学的596名大学生进行了横断面调查（M = 20.32，SD = 1.47）。使用体育活动量表（PARS - 3）、青少年心理韧性量表（APRS）和抑郁 - 焦虑 - 压力量表（DASS - 21）收集数据。采用描述性和相关性分析、分层回归分析以及PROCESS宏模型来检验中介和调节效应。
（1）体育活动（β = -0.312，p < 0.001）和支持力量（β = -0.391，p < 0.001）均显著负向预测消极情绪；
（2）个人力量在体育活动和消极情绪之间起部分中介作用（间接效应占31.4%，95% CI [-0.395, -0.242]）；
（3）支持力量调节了体育活动与消极情绪之间的关系（交互效应β = 0.089，p < 0.01），在低支持条件下体育锻炼对减少消极情绪的效果更强（β = -0.401对β = -0.224）。
体育活动不仅直接影响消极情绪，还通过增强心理韧性（个人力量）间接影响消极情绪，且支持力量可通过资源替代机制调节这一效应。本研究为设计有针对性的心理健康干预措施提供了理论依据，并强调了体育活动与社会支持相结合对大学生心理健康的协同效应。
