Song Yue, Jiao Yao, Liu Yitong, Guo Lijia
Department of Orthodontics (WangFuJing Campus), School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Scylla alley No. 11, Beijing 100069, China.
Laboratory of Tissue Regeneration and Immunology and Department of Periodontics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction, School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Tian Tan Xi Li No. 4, Beijing 100050, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 8;26(10):4478. doi: 10.3390/ijms26104478.
Mastication exerts a significant influence on both the structural and immunological environment of the jawbone. The mechanical stress generated during chewing initiates bone remodeling through the coordinated activities of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, with these processes being modulated by immune cell responses. This review summarizes the interaction between masticatory forces and jawbone immunity, focusing on key mechanisms such as mechanotransduction in osteocytes, macrophage polarization, and the activation of T cells. The review also delves into the role of the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL), receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B (RANK), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) signaling pathway, highlighting its critical function in bone resorption and immune regulation. Additionally, the review summarizes how masticatory forces modulate the immune response through changes in immune cells, particularly focusing on cytokines, and the involvement of hormonal and molecular pathways. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between mechanical forces and immune cells, with implications for bone health.
咀嚼对颌骨的结构和免疫环境都有重大影响。咀嚼过程中产生的机械应力通过破骨细胞和成骨细胞的协同活动启动骨重塑，这些过程受免疫细胞反应调节。本综述总结了咀嚼力与颌骨免疫之间的相互作用，重点关注骨细胞中的机械转导、巨噬细胞极化和T细胞激活等关键机制。该综述还深入探讨了核因子κ-B配体受体激活剂（RANKL）、核因子κ-B受体激活剂（RANK）和骨保护素（OPG）信号通路的作用，强调其在骨吸收和免疫调节中的关键功能。此外，该综述总结了咀嚼力如何通过免疫细胞的变化来调节免疫反应，尤其关注细胞因子以及激素和分子途径的参与。这些发现为机械力与免疫细胞之间的复杂相互作用提供了有价值的见解，对骨骼健康具有重要意义。
