Tzovara Irene, Doudoulakakis Anastasios, Kalogeras Georgios, Koutouzis Emmanouil, Dellis Charilaos, Pasparakis Sophia, Charakida Marietta, Lebessi Evangelia, Bozavoutoglou Elisavet, Tsakanikos Michael, Syriopoulou Vassiliki, Tsolia Maria
First Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "Aghia Sophia" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Department of Microbiology, "P. & A. Kyriakou" Children's Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Pathogens. 2025 May 17;14(5):494. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14050494.
Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common disease among children and can be complicated by otorrhea (AOMO). In 2010, the 13-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine (PCV13) replaced the 7-valent vaccine (PCV7) in Greece. We aimed to describe the microbiological profile of bacterial ΑOMO among children younger than 16 years across the two PCV periods in a tertiary children's hospital. Middle ear fluid cultures from 2418 children with AOMO were collected from 2007 to 2022. Otopathogens were isolated and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. Data were compared between the PCV7- (2007-2011) and PCV13-period (2012-2019). The most common otopathogen over the 16-year period was (35.4%), followed by (33.8%), (26.6%), and (4.1%). Pneumococcal resistance to cefotaxime and clindamycin significantly increased from 2% to 4.5% ( = 0.019) and 16.1% to 22.8% ( = 0.039), respectively. Resistance of to ampicillin increased from 6.3% to 13.9% ( < 0.001). A significant reduction in cotrimoxazole-resistant from 31% to 22.4% ( = 0.012), and in clindamycin-resistant and erythromycin-resistant , from 17.4% to 9.3% and 21.4% to 10.8%, respectively ( ≤ 0.001), was observed. During 2013-2022, 38 serotypes were identified among 250 isolates. Serotype 3 (27.2%) and 19A (13.2%) prevailed, followed by 19F (7%). The most common causes after the shift to PCV13 are and . However, remains an important otopathogen with significant antimicrobial resistance. Serotype 3 was mostly detected, followed by 19A.
急性中耳炎（AOM）是儿童常见疾病，可并发耳漏（AOMO）。2010年，13价肺炎球菌结合疫苗（PCV13）在希腊取代了7价疫苗（PCV7）。我们旨在描述一家三级儿童医院中16岁以下儿童在两个PCV时期细菌性AOMO的微生物学特征。2007年至2022年收集了2418例AOMO患儿的中耳液培养物。分离耳病原体并检测其抗菌药敏性。对PCV7时期（2007 - 2011年）和PCV13时期（2012 - 2019年）的数据进行比较。16年间最常见的耳病原体是[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（35.4%），其次是[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（33.8%）、[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（26.6%）和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]（4.1%）。肺炎球菌对头孢噻肟和克林霉素的耐药性分别从2%显著增加至4.5%（P = 0.019）和从16.1%增加至22.8%（P = 0.039）。[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]对氨苄西林的耐药性从6.3%增加至13.9%（P < 0.001）。观察到耐复方新诺明的[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]从31%显著降至22.4%（P = 0.012），耐克林霉素和耐红霉素的[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]分别从17.4%降至9.3%和从21.4%降至10.8%（P ≤ 0.001）。在2013 - 2022年期间，在250株分离株中鉴定出38种[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]血清型。血清型3（27.2%）和19A（13.2%）占主导，其次是19F（7%）。转向PCV13后的最常见病因是[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]和[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]。然而，[此处原文缺失具体病原体名称]仍然是一种具有显著抗菌耐药性的重要耳病原体。主要检测到血清型3，其次是19A。
