Dengiz Buse, Killer Jiří, Havlík Jaroslav, Dobeš Pavel, Hyršl Pavel
Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic.
Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
Microorganisms. 2025 May 20;13(5):1159. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms13051159.
Host-specific and species constitute the core microbiota of the honey bee digestive tract and are recognized for their probiotic properties. One of the properties of these bacteria is the inhibition of bacterial pathogens such as and , the causative agents of American and European foulbrood, respectively. Additionally, has emerged as a relevant opportunistic pathogen. Although several previously published studies have examined the inhibition of selected bacterial pathogens of bees by members of the bee physiological microbiota, none have simultaneously investigated the inhibition of multiple clinical isolates of , , and using a wide range of bifidobacterial and lactobacilli strains isolated from various locations within a single country. Thus, this study evaluated the antimicrobial potential of and strains against these pathogens, with a focus on strain-dependent inhibition. A total of 111 bacterial strains (62 and 49 ) were isolated from the digestive tracts of honey bees collected from eight sites across the Czech Republic. Using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the isolates were classified and tested in vitro against four isolates, one isolate, and the strain sicaria in modified BHI medium. Twenty-eight strains (~26%) exhibited strong inhibition (≥21 mm) against at least two isolates, while 12 strains showed moderate inhibition (16-20 mm) against all four isolates. Inhibition of and was observed in three and twenty strains, respectively. The most effective strains belonged to , , , , , , and . These results underscore the strain-dependent nature of antimicrobial activity and highlight the importance of selecting probiotic strains with broad-spectrum pathogen inhibition to support honey bee health.
宿主特异性细菌和物种构成了蜜蜂消化道的核心微生物群，并因其益生菌特性而受到认可。这些细菌的特性之一是抑制细菌病原体，如分别导致美洲幼虫腐臭病和欧洲幼虫腐臭病的 和 。此外， 已成为一种相关的机会致病菌。尽管此前有几项研究考察了蜜蜂生理微生物群成员对蜜蜂特定细菌病原体的抑制作用，但尚无研究同时使用从一个国家不同地点分离的多种双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌菌株，来研究对 、 和 的多种临床分离株的抑制作用。因此，本研究评估了双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌菌株对这些病原体的抗菌潜力，重点关注菌株依赖性抑制作用。从捷克共和国八个地点采集的蜜蜂消化道中总共分离出111株细菌菌株（62株双歧杆菌和49株乳酸杆菌）。利用16S rRNA基因测序对分离株进行分类，并在改良的脑心浸液培养基中对四种 分离株、一种 分离株和 菌株sicaria进行体外测试。28株菌株（约26%）对至少两种 分离株表现出强烈抑制作用（≥21毫米），而12株菌株对所有四种分离株表现出中度抑制作用（16 - 20毫米）。分别在3株和20株菌株中观察到对 和 的抑制作用。最有效的菌株属于 、 、 、 、 、 和 。这些结果强调了抗菌活性的菌株依赖性，并突出了选择具有广谱病原体抑制作用的益生菌菌株以支持蜜蜂健康的重要性。
