Han Hai-Hao, Ge Pan-Xin, Li Wen-Jia, Hu Xi-Le, He Xiao-Peng
Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China.
Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 May 10;25(10):3018. doi: 10.3390/s25103018.
Peroxynitrite (ONOO) is a reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that plays pivotal roles in various physiological and pathological processes. The recent literature has seen significant progress in the development of highly sensitive and selective fluorescent probes applicable for monitoring ONOO dynamics in live cells and a variety of animal models of human diseases. However, the clinical applications of those probes remain much less explored. This review delves into the biological roles of ONOO and summarizes the design strategies, sensing mechanisms, and bioimaging applications of near-infrared (NIR), long-wavelength, two-photon, and ratiometric fluorescent probes modified with a diverse range of functional groups responsive to ONOO. Furthermore, we will discuss the remaining problems that prevent the currently developed ONOO probes from translating into clinical practice.
过氧亚硝酸盐(ONOO)是一种活性氮物质(RNS),在各种生理和病理过程中起关键作用。近年来,在开发适用于监测活细胞和多种人类疾病动物模型中ONOO动态的高灵敏度和选择性荧光探针方面取得了重大进展。然而,这些探针的临床应用仍有待深入探索。本文综述了ONOO的生物学作用,总结了用多种对ONOO有响应的官能团修饰的近红外(NIR)、长波长、双光子和比率荧光探针的设计策略、传感机制和生物成像应用。此外,我们将讨论阻碍目前开发的ONOO探针转化为临床实践的遗留问题。