Aizpurua-Maestre Iratxe, De Miguel Aitor, Lanzagorta Jose Luis, Carcreff Ewen, Galdos Lander
IDEKO, 20870 Elgoibar, Spain.
TPAC, 13 Rue de la Garde, 44300 Nantes, France.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 May 17;25(10):3157. doi: 10.3390/s25103157.
Single-crystal superalloys have attracted considerable interest in aero engine blade manufacture due to their superior mechanical properties, which maintain structural integrity at high temperatures. However, their anisotropic microstructure results in direction-dependent properties that pose a challenge for defect detection. This study proposes a methodology to determine the crystal orientation, which is subsequently used to improve the Total Focusing Method (TFM) by incorporating the refracted beam directivity. Firstly, simulations were performed using semi-analytical models (CIVA software 2023 SP4.1) to reproduce different grain orientations. The results were then post-processed to determine the grain orientation. Finally, the TFM was adapted to take into account not only the velocity variations due to orientation but also the directivity of the ultrasonic beam based only on slowness curves. The implementation of this methodology has improved the defect detection capability, optimizing the defect positioning by up to 61% and increasing the signal-to-noise ratio by up to 5 dB. This study demonstrates the effectiveness of an adapted inspection procedure for single crystals.
单晶高温合金因其优异的机械性能在航空发动机叶片制造中引起了广泛关注，这些性能使其在高温下能保持结构完整性。然而，它们的各向异性微观结构导致性能依赖于方向，这给缺陷检测带来了挑战。本研究提出了一种确定晶体取向的方法，随后通过纳入折射波束方向性来改进全聚焦法（TFM）。首先，使用半解析模型（CIVA软件2023 SP4.1）进行模拟，以再现不同的晶粒取向。然后对结果进行后处理以确定晶粒取向。最后，改进全聚焦法，使其不仅考虑由于取向导致的速度变化，还仅基于慢度曲线考虑超声束的方向性。该方法的实施提高了缺陷检测能力，将缺陷定位优化了高达61%，并将信噪比提高了高达5 dB。本研究证明了一种适用于单晶的检测程序的有效性。
