Kwong Kenny, Chen Zhen, Scott Lyne, Hilborne Lee H
Department of Pediatrics, Los Angeles General Medical Center, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Quest Diagnostics, Secaucus, New Jersey, USA.
Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2025 May 28:1-12. doi: 10.1159/000545508.
We aimed to assess the prevalence of IgE-mediated sensitization to two perennial (dust mite and animal) and four seasonal allergen sources (tree, grass, weed, and mold/fungi) using data from a national clinical reference laboratory (Quest Diagnostics).
Patients tested in 2019 for ≥1 specific serum IgE toward 4 dust mites, 14 animals, 32 trees, 12 grasses, 21 weeds, or 19 mold/fungi allergens were included. Patients with ≥1 specific IgE ≥0.10 kU/L within a source were considered sensitized for the source. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to compare the estimated prevalence of allergic sensitization related to demographics, geography, and clinical diagnosis.
Sensitization for dust mite, animal, tree, grass, weed, and mold/fungi sources was 38.0% (21,161/55,735), 32.1% (21,888/68,035), 34.5% (22,975/66,567), 30.3% (21,664/71,575), 31.2% (22,960/73,605), and 19.7% (13,514/68,574), respectively. Across allergen sources, males had higher prevalence (from lowest to highest: 25.3% mold/fungi to 43.0% dust mite) compared to females (from lowest to highest: 16.1% mold/fungi to 34.6% dust mite); prevalence peaked in 10-19 years (from lowest to highest: 29.7% mold/fungi to 54.2% dust mite) and then decreased with increasing age; large metropolitan areas (from lowest to highest: 39.6% dust mite to 20.7% mold/fungi) had higher prevalence compared to small-to-medium metro (from lowest to highest: 36.6% dust mite to 17.9% mold/fungi) or nonmetro areas (from lowest to highest: 32.4% dust mite to 19.5% mold/fungi); a higher prevalence was observed in patients with asthma, atopic dermatitis, or rhinitis than in those with none of these diagnoses reported. Sensitization to perennial and seasonal allergens showed regional variation.
Prevalence of allergic sensitization to perennial and seasonal allergens is associated with patient age and sex, census regions, level of urbanization, and allergic disease states. These factors should be considered when designing and selecting allergen panels for diagnosing and treating symptomatic patients.
我们旨在利用一家国家临床参考实验室（奎斯特诊断公司）的数据，评估对两种常年性（尘螨和动物）和四种季节性过敏原来源（树木、草、杂草和霉菌/真菌）的IgE介导的致敏率。
纳入2019年检测针对4种尘螨、14种动物、32种树木、12种草、21种杂草或19种霉菌/真菌过敏原中≥1种特异性血清IgE的患者。在一种过敏原来源中≥1种特异性IgE≥0.10 kU/L的患者被视为对该来源致敏。采用卡方检验和多因素逻辑回归比较与人口统计学、地理位置和临床诊断相关的过敏性致敏估计患病率。
对尘螨、动物、树木、草、杂草和霉菌/真菌来源的致敏率分别为38.0%（21,161/55,735）、32.1%（21,888/68,035）、34.5%（22,975/66,567）、30.3%（21,664/71,575）、31.2%（22,960/73,605）和19.7%（13,514/68,574）。在所有过敏原来源中,男性的患病率高于女性（从最低到最高：霉菌/真菌为25.3%至尘螨为43.0%）（女性从最低到最高：霉菌/真菌为16.1%至尘螨为34.6%）；患病率在10 - 19岁达到峰值（从最低到最高：霉菌/真菌为29.7%至尘螨为54.2%），然后随年龄增长而下降；与中小都市地区（从最低到最高：尘螨为36.6%至霉菌/真菌为17.9%）或非都市地区（从最低到最高：尘螨为32.4%至霉菌/真菌为19.5%）相比，大都市地区（从最低到最高：尘螨为39.6%至霉菌/真菌为20.7%）的患病率更高；与未报告这些诊断的患者相比，哮喘、特应性皮炎或鼻炎患者的患病率更高。对常年性和季节性过敏原的致敏表现出区域差异。
对常年性和季节性过敏原的过敏性致敏患病率与患者年龄、性别、人口普查地区、城市化水平和过敏性疾病状态相关。在为有症状的患者设计和选择过敏原检测组时应考虑这些因素。
