Zhou Jingying, Lu Zhe, Xu Ke, Zhao Guorui, Zhu Yunqing, Yuan Rui, Sun Yaoyao, Zhang Yuyanan, Yue Weihua
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China; School of Nursing, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China.
J Affect Disord. 2025 Nov 1;388:119475. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.119475. Epub 2025 May 26.
Ambient air pollution, a significant environmental health threat, has been shown to risk psychiatric disorders according to epidemiological evidence. However, the causal relationships between air pollutants and psychiatric disorders remain unclear.
To reveal the impact of air pollution (including nitrogen dioxide [NO, n = 456,380], particulate matter <2.5 μm [PM, n = 423,796], and PM absorbance [n = 423,796]) on psychiatric disorders (autism spectrum disorders [ASD, n = 46,351], attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD, n = 55,374], anxiety disorders [ANX, n = 17,310], schizophrenia [SCZ, n = 127,906], and major depressive disorder [MDD, n = 500,199]), the Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis was conducted. The mediating effects of brain imaging phenotypes were also accessed (n = 8428).
MR analysis indicated a significant effect of PM on MDD (OR = 1.260, 95 % CI: 1.077-1.474, P = 0.004), which was partially mediated by the volume of left CA4-body (6.18 %) and masked by the grey-white contrast in frontalpole in the right hemisphere parcellation (4.71 %). We also observed that the significant relationship between PM absorbance and ADHD (OR = 2.018, 95%CI: 1.250-3.258, P = 0.004), which was masked by rfMRI connectivity (ICA100 edge 25) (13.27 %). Furthermore, we discovered that NO (OR = 1.511, 95 % CI: 1.069-2.136, P = 0.020) or PM absorbance (OR = 1.595, 95 % CI: 1.078-2.361, P = 0.020) increased the risk of ASD. In addition, there were associations between NO and SCZ (OR = 1.494, 95%CI: 1.104-2.022, P = 0.009) as well as PM and ANX (OR = 2.431, 95%CI: 1.207-4.898, P = 0.013).
The findings revealed genetic causal relationships between air pollution and psychiatric disorders, mediated or masked by brain imaging phenotypes. These results may provide insights for mechanistic and clinical research on air pollution-mediated psychiatric disorders.
环境空气污染是对环境健康的重大威胁，流行病学证据表明其会导致精神疾病风险增加。然而，空气污染物与精神疾病之间的因果关系仍不明确。
为揭示空气污染（包括二氧化氮[NO，n = 456,380]、细颗粒物<2.5μm[PM，n = 423,796]和PM吸光度[n = 423,796]）对精神疾病（自闭症谱系障碍[ASD，n = 46,351]、注意力缺陷多动障碍[ADHD，n = 55,374]、焦虑症[ANX，n = 17,310]、精神分裂症[SCZ，n = 127,906]和重度抑郁症[MDD，n = 500,199]）的影响，进行了孟德尔随机化（MR）分析。还评估了脑成像表型的中介作用（n = 8428）。
MR分析表明PM对MDD有显著影响（OR = 1.260，95%CI：1.077 - 1.474，P = 0.004），部分由左侧CA4体体积介导（6.18%），并被右侧半球分区额极的灰白对比度所掩盖（4.71%）。我们还观察到PM吸光度与ADHD之间存在显著关系（OR = 2.018，95%CI：1.250 - 3.258，P = 0.004），并被静息态功能磁共振成像连接性（ICA100边缘25）所掩盖（13.27%）。此外，我们发现NO（OR = 1.511，95%CI：1.069 - 2.136，P = 0.020）或PM吸光度（OR = 1.595，95%CI：1.078 - 2.361，P = 0.020）会增加ASD的风险。此外，NO与SCZ（OR = 1.494，95%CI：1.104 - 2.022，P = 0.009）以及PM与ANX（OR = 2.431，95%CI：1.207 - 4.898，P = 0.013）之间也存在关联。
研究结果揭示了空气污染与精神疾病之间的遗传因果关系，由脑成像表型介导或掩盖。这些结果可能为空气污染介导的精神疾病的机制和临床研究提供见解。
