Jørgensen Anna P M, Kulmala Maarit, Austeng Dordi, Sand Trond, Grøtting Arnstein, Evensen Kari Anne I, Kajantie Eero, Majander Anna, Morken Tora Sund
Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
Welfare Epidemiology and Monitoring Unit, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland.
Doc Ophthalmol. 2025 May 28. doi: 10.1007/s10633-025-10025-2.
To investigate if preterm birth with very low birth weight (VLBW; birth weight < 1500 g) affects macular and visual pathway function in an adult population and explore if best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was associated with any of the electrophysiologic responses.
Fifty participants born preterm with VLBW and 77 term-born controls years were recruited when aged 31-41 years from the Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults (Finland) and the NTNU Low Birth Weight Life study (Norway) studies. Pattern reversal electroretinogram (PR-ERG), visual evoked potential (PR-VEP) and BCVA were examined. PR-ERG components (P50, N95 peak time, amplitude and N95:P50 amplitude ratio) and PR-VEP components (N75, P100 and N145 peak time and amplitude) in the better-seeing eye were compared between the groups, and association with BCVA was examined.
The VLBW group showed longer N145 peak time compared to the control group (mean difference 6.8 ms, CI 2.0 to 11.5, p = 0.006) and lower N95:P50 amplitude ratio (CI - 0.3 to - 0.1, p = 0.003). Otherwise, both groups showed similar electrophysiological waveforms. No relationship was found between electrophysiologic responses and BCVA. BCVA was normal in birth groups and showed no group difference.
The responses in the primary visual cortex (N75 and P100) to visual stimuli presented to the better-seeing eye were similar in adults born preterm with VLBW and term-born controls. However, in the VLBW group, there was an indication that subtle electrophysiological deviation may exist at a higher cortical level (N145) and in the ganglion cell response in the macula. These significant differences were not related to reduced visual acuity.
研究极低出生体重（VLBW；出生体重＜1500g）的早产是否会影响成年人群的黄斑和视觉通路功能，并探讨最佳矫正视力（BCVA）是否与任何电生理反应相关。
从赫尔辛基极低出生体重成人研究（芬兰）和挪威科技大学低出生体重生活研究中招募了50名出生时为极低出生体重的早产参与者和77名足月出生的对照者，年龄在31-41岁。检查了图形翻转视网膜电图（PR-ERG）、视觉诱发电位（PR-VEP）和BCVA。比较了两组中视力较好眼的PR-ERG成分（P50、N95峰时间、振幅和N95:P50振幅比）和PR-VEP成分（N75、P100和N145峰时间及振幅），并检查了与BCVA的相关性。
与对照组相比，极低出生体重组的N145峰时间更长（平均差异6.8ms，CI 2.0至11.5，p = 0.006），N95:P50振幅比更低（CI -0.3至-0.1，p = 0.003）。否则，两组的电生理波形相似。未发现电生理反应与BCVA之间存在关系。各出生组的BCVA均正常，且无组间差异。
出生时为极低出生体重的早产成年人和足月出生的对照者中，初级视觉皮层（N75和P100）对视力较好眼呈现的视觉刺激的反应相似。然而，在极低出生体重组中，有迹象表明在较高皮层水平（N145）和黄斑区的神经节细胞反应中可能存在细微的电生理偏差。这些显著差异与视力下降无关。
