Kazzaz Sara Hilmi, Faris Tavga Mustafa, Abdulrahman Miwan Salahalddin, Baban Mohammed Taha Ahmed, Talabani Ranjdar Mahmood, Abdalrahman Kazhan Omer
Conservative Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
Department of Dental Nursing, Sulaimani Technical Institute, Sulaimani Polytechnic University, Sulimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 May 28;25(1):821. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-06193-x.
Forensic dentistry is crucial in human identification, with dental age estimation being a key component of this process. The deposition of secondary dentin over an individual's lifetime, along with the resulting changes in tooth anatomy, serves as an important factor in age estimation. The objective of this study was to develop regression equations for estimating age in adults based on linear measurements and ratios obtained from axial, sagittal, and coronal planes of the maxillary central incisors in the Iraqi subpopulation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).
In this retrospective cross-sectional study, Multiplanar measurements of 400 maxillary central incisors from subjects ranging in age from 18 to 84 years were taken for a sample of 200 CBCTs. The data were analyzed using independent Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney test, and Spearman's and Pearson's correlation coefficients to determine the strength of correlations. Multiple regression analysis was performed to predict age, and a p-value of ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
The age range of the participants was 18-84 years. The results revealed a statistically significant difference in age between male and female samples (p = 0.018). Consequently, separate age estimation equations were developed for each sex. In males, the equation derived from multiplanar linear measurements demonstrated a standard error of estimate (SEE) of ± 10.84 years, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.49. In contrast, the equation for females, based on multiplanar measurements, yielded a SEE of ± 11.11 years and an R² value of 0.393.
Based on the findings of this study, dental morphometric measurement of maxillary central incisors using CBCT was found to be an acceptable method for age estimation especially for identification of unknow human remains. Horizontal measurements improve the accuracy of age estimate equations.
法医牙科学在身份鉴定中至关重要，而牙齿年龄估计是这一过程的关键组成部分。个体一生中继发性牙本质的沉积以及由此导致的牙齿解剖结构变化，是年龄估计的重要因素。本研究的目的是利用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT），根据伊拉克亚人群上颌中切牙轴向、矢状和冠状平面的线性测量值和比率，建立估计成年人年龄的回归方程。
在这项回顾性横断面研究中，对200例CBCT样本中年龄在18至84岁之间的受试者的400颗上颌中切牙进行多平面测量。使用独立样本t检验、曼-惠特尼检验以及斯皮尔曼和皮尔逊相关系数对数据进行分析，以确定相关性强度。进行多元回归分析以预测年龄，p值≤0.05被认为具有统计学意义。
参与者的年龄范围为18至84岁。结果显示，男性和女性样本在年龄上存在统计学显著差异（p = 0.018）。因此，为每个性别分别建立了年龄估计方程。在男性中，由多平面线性测量得出的方程显示估计标准误差（SEE）为±10.84岁，决定系数（R²）为0.49。相比之下，基于多平面测量的女性方程得出的SEE为±11.11岁，R²值为0.393。
基于本研究的结果，发现使用CBCT对上颌中切牙进行牙齿形态测量是一种可接受的年龄估计方法，特别是用于识别未知人类遗骸。水平测量提高了年龄估计方程的准确性。
