Fan Gaojie, Liu Qing, Fang Qing, Luo Fei, Huang Xiaofeng, Li Heng, Guo Wenwen, Liu Binghai, Yan Lianyan, Hu Liqin, Xiong Chao, Cao Zhongqiang, Chen Xi, Chen Zitong, Wei Jing, Wang Youjie, Lei Xiaoning, Song Lulu
Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430015, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138747. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138747. Epub 2025 May 26.
Prenatal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM) is related to alterations in newborn telomere length (TL), an indicator of cellular aging. However, the specific effects of PM constituents and windows of susceptibility are unknown. We aimed to identify the susceptibility windows for prenatal PM constituents affecting newborn leukocyte TL (LTL) and examine the modifying role of folic acid (FA) supplementation. This study involved 741 maternal-infant dyads from a birth cohort in Wuhan, China. We applied multiple linear regression, distributed lag models, and three multi-pollutant approaches to explore the effects of PM constituents on newborn LTL. Prenatal PM constituent exposures were related to shorter newborn LTL. Each 5 µg/m increase in organic matter (OM) and nitrate (NO), and each 1 µg/m increase in black carbon (BC), ammonium (NH), and sulfate (SO) during the third trimester were related to reductions in LTL of 3.99 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: -6.36 %, -1.56 %), 6.31 % (95 % CI: -10.67 %, -1.73 %), 6.63 % (95 % CI: -9.87 %, -3.27 %), 3.69 % (95 % CI: -5.99 %, -1.34 %), and 3.00 % (95 % CI: -5.03 %, -0.92 %), respectively. The mixture of PM constituents was related to shorter newborn LTL, predominantly driven by OM and BC. The detrimental effects of OM, BC, NH, and NO on newborn LTL were more pronounced in individuals without FA supplementation (all P for interaction < 0.05). Our findings identify the third trimester as a susceptibility window for PM constituent-induced LTL shortening, with OM and BC as the primary contributors. FA supplementation may help mitigate these effects, highlighting its potential as an intervention strategy.
产前暴露于细颗粒物（PM）与新生儿端粒长度（TL）的改变有关，端粒长度是细胞衰老的一个指标。然而，PM成分的具体影响以及易感性窗口期尚不清楚。我们旨在确定影响新生儿白细胞端粒长度（LTL）的产前PM成分的易感性窗口期，并研究叶酸（FA）补充剂的调节作用。本研究涉及来自中国武汉一个出生队列的741对母婴。我们应用多元线性回归、分布滞后模型和三种多污染物方法来探讨PM成分对新生儿LTL的影响。产前PM成分暴露与新生儿较短的LTL有关。孕晚期有机物（OM）和硝酸盐（NO）每增加5μg/m³，黑碳（BC）、铵（NH）和硫酸盐（SO）每增加1μg/m³，分别与LTL降低3.99%（95%置信区间[CI]：-6.36%，-1.56%）、6.31%（95%CI：-10.67%，-1.73%）、6.63%（95%CI：-9.87%，-3.27%）、3.69%（95%CI：-5.99%，-1.34%）和3.00%（95%CI：-5.03%，-0.92%）有关。PM成分的混合物与新生儿较短的LTL有关，主要由OM和BC驱动。在未补充FA的个体中，OM、BC、NH和NO对新生儿LTL的有害影响更为明显（所有交互作用P<0.05）。我们的研究结果确定孕晚期是PM成分导致LTL缩短的易感性窗口期，OM和BC是主要促成因素。补充FA可能有助于减轻这些影响，突出了其作为一种干预策略的潜力。
