Bilgiç Bengü, Tarhan Duygu, Ateş Fatma, Dhamo Gerta, Koenhemsi Lora, Dokuzeylül Banu, Or M Erman
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Department of Biophysics, School of Medicine, Bahcesehir University, Goztepe, Istanbul, 34734, Türkiye.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s12011-025-04680-4.
Prolonged exposure to high doses of certain toxic metals can cause cytotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects in cats and dogs. This study aimed to determine the levels of potentially toxic elements in various prescription and non-prescription commercial diets for cats and dogs. A total of 84 dry cat diets and 152 dry dog diets were analyzed. Prescription cat diets were subgrouped into digestive (n = 24) and urinary (n = 20), while prescription dog diets were categorized as digestive (n = 28), urinary (n = 16), hypoallergenic (n = 20), and joint (n = 12). Additionally, non-prescription diets from various brands and flavors were included for dogs (n = 76) and cats (n = 40). Chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), boron (B), aluminum (Al), and cobalt (Co) concentrations were determined using inductively coupled plasma with optical emission spectrometry (ICP OES) (Thermo iCAP 6000 series) at appropriate wavelengths. No significant differences were found in mean As, B, and Co levels between total dog and cat diets (p > 0.05). However, mean Cr and Al levels were significantly higher in dog diets compared to cat diets (p < 0.001). Among cat diets, no significant differences were observed for Cr, As, B, Al, or Co (p > 0.05). In non-prescription dog diets, mean Cr was significantly higher than in urinary group (p < 0.001). Mean Al levels in digestive, joint, and non-prescription groups were higher than in urinary group (p < 0.001). The levels of Cr, As, B, Al, and Co in both prescription and non-prescription diets were below the maximum tolerable limits established by FEDIAF, AAFCO, and FDA, indicating no risk of diet-related toxicosis in cats and dogs.
长期暴露于高剂量的某些有毒金属会对猫和狗产生细胞毒性、基因毒性和致癌作用。本研究旨在测定各类猫和狗用处方及非处方商业日粮中潜在有毒元素的含量。共分析了84种干猫粮和152种干狗粮。处方猫粮被分为消化类（n = 24）和泌尿类（n = 20），而处方狗粮则分为消化类（n = 28）、泌尿类（n = 16）、低敏类（n = 20）和关节类（n = 12）。此外，还纳入了来自不同品牌和口味的非处方日粮，狗用的有76种，猫用的有40种。使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP OES）（赛默飞iCAP 6000系列）在合适波长下测定铬（Cr）、砷（As）、硼（B）、铝（Al）和钴（Co）的浓度。在狗和猫的总日粮中，砷、硼和钴的平均含量没有显著差异（p > 0.05）。然而，与猫粮相比，狗粮中的铬和铝平均含量显著更高（p < 0.001）。在猫粮中，铬、砷、硼、铝或钴没有观察到显著差异（p > 0.05）。在非处方狗粮中，铬的平均含量显著高于泌尿类组（p < 0.001）。消化类、关节类和非处方类组中的铝平均含量高于泌尿类组（p < 0.001）。处方和非处方日粮中的铬、砷、硼、铝和钴含量均低于欧洲宠物食品工业联合会（FEDIAF）、美国饲料管理协会（AAFCO）和美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）规定的最大耐受限量，表明猫和狗不存在与日粮相关的中毒风险。
