Fan Guo Zhen, Gao Jian Xiang, Hu Li Xin, Papadopoulos Nikolaos G, Qu Zheng Hai
Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China.
Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Investig Med. 2025 May 30:10815589251348911. doi: 10.1177/10815589251348911.
This study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between frailty and allergic diseases through bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables from the genome-wide association studies summary data. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) method was used as the main analysis method, and the MR-Egger regression and weighted median method were employed to complement the IVW results. Verification of the reliability of results using multiple sensitivity analysis methods. The results of forward MR analysis revealed a statistically significant positive causal relationship between allergic asthma (AA) and frailty, as well as between atopic dermatitis (AD) and frailty; however, no causal effects were detected between allergic conjunctivitis (AC), allergic rhinitis (AR), and frailty. The results of reverse MR analysis indicated that frailty had a statistically significant positive causal effect on AD and AR, but no causal effect on AA or AC. The sensitivity analysis showed that the MR results were stable, with no heterogeneity and horizontal pleiotropy. This study found a bidirectional causal relationship between AD and frailty, a positive causal relationship between AA and frailty, an inverse causal relationship between AR and frailty, and no causal relationship between AC and frailty. In view of this, it may be recommended to promote routine frailty screening among patients with AD and AR to help identify high-risk individuals early. In addition, appropriate interventions for frailty are crucial to reduce the risk of AA and AD.
本研究旨在通过双向孟德尔随机化（MR）分析探讨衰弱与过敏性疾病之间潜在的因果关系。从全基因组关联研究汇总数据中选择单核苷酸多态性（SNP）作为工具变量。采用逆方差加权（IVW）法作为主要分析方法，并采用MR-Egger回归和加权中位数法对IVW结果进行补充。使用多种敏感性分析方法验证结果的可靠性。正向MR分析结果显示，过敏性哮喘（AA）与衰弱之间以及特应性皮炎（AD）与衰弱之间存在统计学显著的正因果关系；然而，在过敏性结膜炎（AC）、过敏性鼻炎（AR）与衰弱之间未检测到因果效应。反向MR分析结果表明，衰弱对AD和AR具有统计学显著的正因果效应，但对AA或AC没有因果效应。敏感性分析表明，MR结果稳定，不存在异质性和水平多效性。本研究发现AD与衰弱之间存在双向因果关系，AA与衰弱之间存在正因果关系，AR与衰弱之间存在反向因果关系，AC与衰弱之间不存在因果关系。鉴于此，可能建议对AD和AR患者进行常规衰弱筛查，以帮助早期识别高危个体。此外，对衰弱进行适当干预对于降低AA和AD的风险至关重要。
