Singh A, Goyal A, Luthra-Guptasarma M, Kapur A, Jaiswal M, Madan S
Unit of Pedodontics, Oral Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Department of Immunopathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector-12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
Eur Arch Paediatr Dent. 2025 May 30. doi: 10.1007/s40368-025-01032-7.
The purpose of this study was a proteomic investigation of test enamel of HSPM vs the control enamel of Second Primary Molars, to gain an insight into the possible mechanism of pathogenesis of hypomineralisation.
Enamel sample blocks were sectioned and processed for label-free quantitation of proteins by LC-MS/MS, followed by bioinformatics analyses of differentially expressed proteins (DEP); two DEPs were validated by western/dot blot.
There was a significant elevation of total number of proteins in the HSPM samples as compared to the control enamel. A significant elevation of proteins such as protein LEG1 homolog, Odontogenesis-associated phosphoprotein, Leucocyte elastase inhibitor, Olfactomedin-like protein 3 and albumin were observed in HSPM-affected enamel, along with upregulation of calcium-binding proteins and immunoglobulins. Evaluation of signalling pathways contributed by the upregulated proteins in HSPM enamel samples was suggestive of increased levels of different components of the immune (defence) system such as raised antibodies (immunoglobulins level), complement coagulation cascade activation, neutrophil and platelet degranulation as well as defence response to bacteria/ fungus.
The study results suggest the possibility of an underlying infectious/inflammatory aetiology responsible for hypomineralisation of primary enamel in these patients. Such a proteomics approach is useful to guide preventive interventions for HSPM.
本研究旨在对遗传性乳牙釉质发育不全（HSPM）的测试釉质与第二乳磨牙的对照釉质进行蛋白质组学研究，以深入了解矿化不全的可能发病机制。
将釉质样本块切片并进行处理，通过液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）对蛋白质进行无标记定量，随后对差异表达蛋白（DEP）进行生物信息学分析；通过蛋白质免疫印迹法/斑点印迹法对两种差异表达蛋白进行验证。
与对照釉质相比，HSPM样本中的蛋白质总数显著升高。在受HSPM影响的釉质中，观察到蛋白质LEG1同源物、牙胚形成相关磷蛋白、白细胞弹性蛋白酶抑制剂、嗅觉介质样蛋白3和白蛋白等显著升高，同时钙结合蛋白和免疫球蛋白上调。对HSPM釉质样本中上调蛋白所涉及的信号通路进行评估，提示免疫系统不同成分的水平升高，如抗体（免疫球蛋白水平）升高、补体凝血级联激活、中性粒细胞和血小板脱颗粒以及对细菌/真菌的防御反应。
研究结果表明，这些患者原发性釉质矿化不全可能存在潜在的感染/炎症病因。这种蛋白质组学方法有助于指导HSPM的预防性干预措施。
