Häggström Jens, Ohlsson Åsa, Falk Torkel, Wess Gerhard, Friederich Jana, Olsson Ulrika, Nilsfors Lennart, Kresken Jan-Gerd, Högström Kjell, Beijerink Niek, Rishniw Mark, Tidholm Anna, Ljungvall Ingrid
Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
Animal Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden.
J Vet Intern Med. 2025 Jul-Aug;39(4):e70146. doi: 10.1111/jvim.70146.
Echocardiography is widely used to breed-screen cats for the presence of heart disease. Left-sided cardiac dimensions are non-linearly related to body weight (BW), but the association with signalment variables is incompletely evaluated.
To validate previously published prediction equations (PE) and 95% prediction intervals (PI) and study the effects of breed, age, sex, and neutering on BW-normalized aortic (Ao), left atrial (LA) and ventricular (LV) dimensions.
56 169 pure-bred adult cats.
Data from heart screens conducted between 1999 and 2023 were included. Body-weight-(BW)-based PE and 95% PIs were obtained by allometric scaling including only cats considered normal. The effects of signalment variables on BW-normalized cardiac dimensions were examined using group-wise comparisons and uni- and multivariable analyses.
The PE and PI changed marginally from those previously reported. The BW-normalized measurements showed greater variation for LV systolic than diastolic measurements (p < 0.001), and LA showed greater variation than Ao measurements. All signalment variables had small but significant effects on BW-normalized variables (p < 0.001), where the effect of breed was most prominent. None of the breeds had a variable median measurement > 10% above or below the PE, or > 10% of cats outside the PI. Signalment main effects persisted after adjusting for examiner and year of examination.
Breed, age, sex, and neutering status had small and mostly clinically irrelevant effects on BW-normalized Ao, LA, and LV linear dimensions. The PE and PI intervals are valid in adult pure-bred cats across many breeds, different ages, sexes, and neutering status.
超声心动图被广泛用于对猫进行心脏病筛查。心脏左侧尺寸与体重（BW）呈非线性相关，但与体征变量的关联尚未得到充分评估。
验证先前发表的预测方程（PE）和95%预测区间（PI），并研究品种、年龄、性别和绝育对体重标准化主动脉（Ao）、左心房（LA）和心室（LV）尺寸的影响。
56169只纯种成年猫。
纳入1999年至2023年间心脏筛查的数据。基于体重（BW）的PE和95%PI通过只包括被认为正常的猫的异速生长缩放获得。使用分组比较以及单变量和多变量分析来检查体征变量对体重标准化心脏尺寸的影响。
PE和PI与先前报道的结果略有变化。体重标准化测量显示，LV收缩期测量值的变异性大于舒张期测量值（p<0.001），LA测量值的变异性大于Ao测量值。所有体征变量对体重标准化变量均有微小但显著的影响（p<0.001），其中品种的影响最为突出。没有一个品种的中位测量值超过PE的10%以上或以下，或超过PI范围的猫超过10%。在调整检查者和检查年份后，体征的主要影响仍然存在。
品种、年龄、性别和绝育状态对体重标准化的Ao、LA和LV线性尺寸影响微小，且大多与临床无关。PE和PI区间在许多品种、不同年龄、性别和绝育状态的成年纯种猫中有效。
