Gao Mingtao, Wang Siyuan, Ge Decheng, Zhou Yang, Li Weitao, Liu Dechun, Lian Quandong, Hua Peng, Li Minhui, Guo Zihao, Guo Chengyang
School of Emergency Technology and Management, North China Institute of Science & Technology, Langfang, 065201, Hebei, China.
Key Laboratory of Mine Filling Safety Mining National Mine Safety Administration, North China Institute of Science & Technology, Langfang, 065201, Hebei, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 30;15(1):19044. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-03662-9.
The mining of extra-thick coal seams is prone to triggering mine earthquake, which causes damage to surface buildings and severely restricts the sustainable development of coal mines. This study constructs a spatial structural model of hard rock tearing-type fracture at the 61,607 working face in Longwanggou Coal Mine. Through analytical modeling of stress-energy characteristics during fracture propagation, we quantitatively estimate the vibrational energy partitioning within rock mass discontinuities and evaluate the maximum potential magnitude (ML) of mine earthquake. Critical kinematic parameters, including peak ground acceleration (PGA) and particle velocity (PGV), are extracted to systematically evaluate vibration-induced damage to surface structures, with data sourced from seismic waveforms. The results indicate that the maximum magnitude estimated by the calculation model for hard rock tearing-type mine earthquake is in close agreement with on-site monitoring results, exhibiting a deviation of approximately 14%. The peak values of the acceleration response spectrum for seismic signals are concentrated in the 0.1-0.5 s range, where the bottom frames of buildings with natural vibration periods close to this interval are affected to a certain extent but exhibit lower vibration intensity than that induced by natural earthquakes. The attenuation of mine earthquake vibrations adheres to a power-law exponential pattern, with PGA decaying to an extremely low level at kilometer-scale distances. Additionally, the velocity response of mine dormitories meets relevant safety standards, collectively indicating that mine earthquake exerts essentially no substantial impact on the structural integrity of surface buildings.
特厚煤层开采容易引发矿震，对地表建筑物造成破坏，严重制约煤矿可持续发展。本研究构建了龙王沟煤矿61607工作面硬岩撕裂型断裂的空间结构模型。通过对断裂扩展过程中应力-能量特征的解析建模，定量估算了岩体不连续面内的振动能量分配，并评估了矿震的最大潜在震级（ML）。从地震波形中提取了包括峰值地面加速度（PGA）和质点速度（PGV）在内的关键运动学参数，以系统评估振动对地表结构的破坏，结果表明，硬岩撕裂型矿震计算模型估算的最大震级与现场监测结果吻合较好，偏差约为14%。地震信号加速度反应谱峰值集中在0.1 - 0.5 s范围内，自振周期接近该区间的建筑物底层框架受到一定影响，但振动强度低于天然地震。矿震振动衰减遵循幂律指数规律，在千米级距离处PGA衰减至极低水平。此外，矿井宿舍的速度响应符合相关安全标准，总体表明矿震对地表建筑物结构完整性基本无实质性影响。
