Khader Yousef, Al-Sheyab Nihaya, Alyahya Mohammad S, Azzam Ashley, Shattnawi Khulood K, Abu Dalou Ahmad Yosuf, El-Khatib Ziad
Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
Department of Allied Medical Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 3030, Irbid, 22110, Jordan.
Reprod Health. 2025 May 31;22(Suppl 1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12978-025-01993-4.
Stillbirth and neonatal mortality declined significantly in high- and some middle-income countries since 2000 because of the significant improvements in obstetric and neonatal care. Yet, stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates remain high in many low- and middle-income countries. The main reason for low progress in reducing such stillbirths and neonatal deaths in Jordan is the scarcity of data on causes and contributing factors leading to these deaths. This study aimed to determine the rates, causes, and risk factors of stillbirth and neonatal mortality in Jordan.
An electronic stillbirth and neonatal deaths surveillance system was established in five large hospitals in Jordan. Anonymized data on all births, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, and their causes during the period May 2019-December 2020 were exported from the system and analyzed.
A total of 29,592 women gave birth to 31,106 babies during a period of 20 months in the selected hospitals. The stillbirth rate was 10.5 per 1000 total births, the neonatal death rate was 14.2 per 1000 live births, and the perinatal death rate was 21.4 per 1000 total births. Of all neonatal deaths, 29.4% died within the first day of life and 77.8% died during the first week of life. For neonatal deaths that occurred pre-discharge, the leading causes of death were respiratory and cardiovascular disorders (35.0%), low birth weight and prematurity (32.7%), and congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities (19.5%). Almost one third of stillbirths had an unspecified cause of death (33.3% of antepartum stillbirths and 28.9% of intrapartum stillbirths). Intrauterine hypoxia was responsible for 27.4% of antepartum stillbirths and 13.2% of intrapartum stillbirths. Congenital malformations, deformations, and chromosomal abnormalities contributed to 18.1% of antepartum stillbirths and 34.2% of intrapartum stillbirths.
Several identified maternal and/or fetal conditions that contributed to stillbirths and/or neonatal deaths in Jordan are preventable. Focused care needs to be directed to high-risk pregnant women and neonates with low birthweight and respiratory problems.
自2000年以来，由于产科和新生儿护理的显著改善，高收入国家和部分中等收入国家的死产率和新生儿死亡率显著下降。然而，许多低收入和中等收入国家的死产率和新生儿死亡率仍然很高。约旦在降低此类死产和新生儿死亡方面进展缓慢的主要原因是缺乏导致这些死亡的原因和促成因素的数据。本研究旨在确定约旦死产和新生儿死亡的发生率、原因及危险因素。
在约旦的五家大型医院建立了一个电子死产和新生儿死亡监测系统。从该系统导出并分析了2019年5月至2020年12月期间所有分娩、死产、新生儿死亡及其原因的匿名数据。
在选定医院的20个月期间，共有29592名妇女分娩了31106名婴儿。死产率为每1000例总出生数10.5例，新生儿死亡率为每1000例活产数14.2例，围产期死亡率为每1000例总出生数21.4例。在所有新生儿死亡中，29.4%在出生后第一天内死亡，77.8%在出生后第一周内死亡。对于出院前发生的新生儿死亡，主要死亡原因是呼吸和心血管疾病（35.0%）、低出生体重和早产（32.7%）以及先天性畸形（19.5%）。几乎三分之一的死产原因不明（产前死产的33.3%和产时死产的28.9%）。宫内缺氧导致27.4%的产前死产和13.2%的产时死产。先天性畸形导致18.1%的产前死产和34.2%的产时死产。
约旦确定的一些导致死产和/或新生儿死亡的孕产妇和/或胎儿状况是可以预防的。需要对高危孕妇以及低体重和有呼吸问题的新生儿给予重点护理。
