Simone Stephanie M, Kaplan Marina, Giovannetti Tania
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
J Appl Gerontol. 2025 May 31:7334648251345191. doi: 10.1177/07334648251345191.
Modifiable risk factors account for nearly half of dementia cases, with the greatest impact on dementia prevention in midlife. Little is known about what motivates middle-aged adults to engage in healthy behaviors for dementia risk reduction. This study examined associations between motivation to make lifestyle changes for dementia risk reduction and engagement in health behaviors associated with dementia risk in 347 middle-aged adults. Multivariate linear regressions examined associations between motivation and engagement in health behaviors. Greater self-efficacy and higher education significantly predicted greater physical and cognitive activity and better sleep quality. Greater perceived barriers and general health motivation, lower self-efficacy, and younger age significantly predicted greater perceived loneliness. Self-efficacy consistently predicted engagement in health behaviors associated with dementia risk reduction in midlife. Thus, incorporating empirically supported strategies to increase self-efficacy in lifestyle interventions for dementia prevention may increase long-term adherence and overall success of dementia prevention efforts.
可改变的风险因素占痴呆病例的近一半，对中年痴呆预防影响最大。对于促使中年成年人采取健康行为以降低痴呆风险的因素，我们知之甚少。本研究调查了347名中年成年人中，为降低痴呆风险而改变生活方式的动机与参与痴呆风险相关健康行为之间的关联。多变量线性回归分析了动机与健康行为参与度之间的关联。更高的自我效能感和更高的教育水平显著预示着更多的身体和认知活动以及更好的睡眠质量。更高的感知障碍和一般健康动机、更低的自我效能感以及更年轻的年龄显著预示着更高的感知孤独感。自我效能感始终预示着中年人群参与与降低痴呆风险相关的健康行为。因此，在预防痴呆的生活方式干预中纳入经实证支持的提高自我效能感的策略，可能会提高长期依从性以及痴呆预防工作的整体成功率。
