Chen Doris, Farhat Luis C, Lebowitz Eli R, Silverman Wendy K, Bloch Michael H, Fernandez Thomas V, Olfson Emily
Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Rd., New Haven, CT, United States.
Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 S. Frontage Rd., New Haven, CT, United States; Department of Psychiatry, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Psychiatry Res. 2025 Aug;350:116560. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2025.116560. Epub 2025 May 24.
Trichotillomania (TTM) and excoriation disorder (ED) run in families and are thought to have shared etiological underpinnings. Only a few small studies have compared the family history of individuals with TTM, ED, and both conditions. To better understand shared predispositions, we examined self-reported family history of mental health disorders using cross-sectional survey responses from a genetics study of probands ages 4-66 years with TTM only (n = 69), ED only (n = 34), and both conditions (n = 70). Individuals with TTM only reported higher rates of having a first-degree relative with TTM (25 %, 17/69) compared to individuals with ED only (6 %, 2/34) (p = 0.03). Those with ED only reported higher rates of a first-degree relative with ED (41 %, 14/34) compared to individuals with TTM only (13 %, 9/69) (p = 0.002). Individuals with both conditions reported high rates of first-degree relatives with TTM (21 %, 15/70) and ED (39 %, 27/70). All three groups reported high rates of family history of anxiety (48 %-59 %), depression (41 %-49 %), ADHD (23 %-31 %), and OCD (17 %-18 %). Comparing mental health history in parents, there were no significant differences between the parents for TTM or ED, but mothers had higher rates than fathers of anxiety (42 % maternal vs. 18 % paternal) and depression (34 % maternal vs. 14 % paternal) (p-values < 0.001). Our results provide evidence of both shared and distinct predispositions between TTM and ED, highlighting the need for further research on genetic and environmental factors contributing to these conditions.
拔毛癖（TTM）和皮肤搔抓障碍（ED）具有家族聚集性，被认为有共同的病因基础。仅有少数小型研究比较了患TTM、ED以及同时患有这两种疾病的个体的家族史。为了更好地理解共同的易感性，我们利用一项针对4至66岁先证者的遗传学研究的横断面调查数据，对心理健康障碍的自我报告家族史进行了研究。这些先证者中，仅患有TTM的有69人，仅患有ED的有34人，同时患有两种疾病的有70人。仅患有TTM的个体报告称，其一级亲属患有TTM的比例（25%，17/69）高于仅患有ED的个体（6%，2/34）（p = 0.03）。仅患有ED的个体报告称，其一级亲属患有ED的比例（41%，14/34）高于仅患有TTM的个体（13%，9/69）（p = 0.002）。同时患有两种疾病的个体报告称，其一级亲属患有TTM的比例较高（21%，15/70），患有ED的比例也较高（39%，27/70）。所有三组均报告称，焦虑症（48%-59%）、抑郁症（41%-49%）、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD，23%-31%）和强迫症（OCD，17%-18%）的家族史比例较高。比较父母的心理健康史，父母在TTM或ED方面没有显著差异，但母亲患焦虑症的比例（母亲为42%，父亲为18%）和抑郁症的比例（母亲为34%，父亲为14%）高于父亲（p值<0.001）。我们的研究结果为TTM和ED之间共同和不同的易感性提供了证据，突出了对导致这些疾病的遗传和环境因素进行进一步研究的必要性。
