Spangenberg Lena, Böhler Luise, Hoke Tina-Marie, Serebriakova Jana, Eimen Jannik, Forkmann Thomas, Strauss Maria, Stengler Katarina, Glaesmer Heide
Department of Medical Psychology and Medical Sociology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany.
Digit Health. 2025 May 29;11:20552076251339265. doi: 10.1177/20552076251339265. eCollection 2025 Jan-Dec.
Increasingly, studies and reviews have highlighted the potentials of ecological momentary assessments (EMAs) and wearables in suicide research. However, to date it is only poorly understood how patients experience frequent assessment of suicidal ideation over weeks and months.
Following discharge from inpatient psychiatric care due to a suicidal crisis or suicide attempt, patients started a 21- to 24-day EMA (EMA 1) with four semi-random prompts per day. After that, participants received four prompts per day, on two randomly chosen consecutive days per week for the following 26 weeks (EMA 2). Participants were additionally given a wearable during EMA 1 and 2. Debriefings on participants' thoughts and experiences were conducted via telephone interviews after EMA 1 (n = 68) and after EMA 2 (n = 51) using rating scales and open questions. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to analyze the data.
After EMA 1, 62% of participants stated that they had experienced a change in their behavior or mood due to the study (66% in EMA 2). Different aspects were mentioned, highlighting the helpfulness of EMA (e.g. improving insight and grounding oneself) but also the burden (e.g. feeling weighed down/exhausted) and reactivity effects (e.g. feeling worse/annoyed and increased brooding).
The findings illustrate positive and negative effects of EMAs over longer observation intervals in individuals at high risk of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors. These findings can help in the development of study protocols, to evaluate data quality and enhance the interpretation of EMA data.
越来越多的研究和综述强调了生态瞬时评估（EMA）和可穿戴设备在自杀研究中的潜力。然而，迄今为止，对于患者在数周和数月内频繁接受自杀意念评估的体验了解甚少。
因自杀危机或自杀未遂而从住院精神科护理出院后，患者开始进行为期21至24天的EMA（EMA 1），每天有四个半随机提示。之后，参与者在接下来的26周内，每周随机选择连续两天，每天接受四个提示（EMA 2）。在EMA 1和EMA 2期间，参与者还被配备了可穿戴设备。在EMA 1（n = 68）和EMA 2（n = 51）之后，通过电话访谈，使用评分量表和开放式问题对参与者的想法和经历进行汇报。采用定性和定量方法分析数据。
在EMA 1之后，62%的参与者表示他们因该研究经历了行为或情绪的变化（EMA 2中为66%）。提到了不同方面，突出了EMA的帮助作用（如提高洞察力和自我稳定感），但也提到了负担（如感到压抑/疲惫）和反应效应（如感觉更糟/恼怒以及沉思增加）。
研究结果表明了在有自杀相关想法和行为高风险的个体中，EMA在较长观察期内的积极和消极影响。这些结果有助于制定研究方案、评估数据质量以及加强对EMA数据的解读。
