Loan Nguyen Vu Thuy Hong, Chao Nguyen Van, Nhung Tran Thi
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, HUTECH University, 475A Dien Bien Phu, Ward 25, Binh Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, 102 Phung Hung Street, Hue City, Vietnam.
Vet World. 2025 Apr;18(4):986-993. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.986-993. Epub 2025 Apr 25.
Hepatobiliary disorders represent a significant clinical concern in canine medicine, contributing to substantial morbidity and mortality. However, comprehensive data on clinical presentation and hematological and biochemical alterations associated with these disorders in Vietnam remain limited. This study aimed to characterize the clinical manifestations and hematobiochemical profiles of dogs diagnosed with hepatobiliary disorders in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Eighty client-owned dogs diagnosed with hepatobiliary disorders through histopathological confirmation were retrospectively evaluated. Clinical signs, age, breed, and sex were recorded. Hematological indices - including red and white blood cell counts, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, and platelet (PLT) count - and biochemical parameters - such as total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), globulin, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (CREA), and uric acid - were assessed. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's Chi-square test, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05.
Hepatitis was the most prevalent disorder (38.8%), followed by biliary disorders, hepatic lipidosis, neoplastic disorders (each 16.3%), and cirrhosis (12.5%). Vomiting (60.0%), jaundice (57.5%), and diarrhea (48.8%) were among the most frequent clinical signs, with significant variability across disorder types (p < 0.05). A significant variation in PLT counts was observed, with the highest values in hepatic lipidosis cases (p = 0.04). Biochemical analysis revealed marked elevations in total bilirubin, ALT, AST, ALP, and GGT across disorders (p < 0.05), particularly in hepatitis and neoplastic cases. Dogs with cirrhosis exhibited significantly reduced TP and ALB concentrations. Elevated BUN and CREA were also noted in dogs with neoplastic conditions, suggesting concurrent renal involvement.
This study is the first to delineate the clinical and hematobiochemical characteristics of canine hepatobiliary disorders in Vietnam. The findings underscore the diagnostic value of integrating clinical signs with laboratory indices, particularly elevated liver enzymes and hypoalbuminemia, in the identification and differentiation of hepatobiliary conditions. These insights may enhance clinical decision-making and contribute to improved diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic outcomes in veterinary hepatology.
肝胆疾病是犬医学中一个重要的临床问题，会导致较高的发病率和死亡率。然而，在越南，关于这些疾病的临床表现以及血液学和生化改变的全面数据仍然有限。本研究旨在描述在越南胡志明市被诊断为肝胆疾病的犬的临床表现和血液生化特征。
对80只通过组织病理学确诊为肝胆疾病的宠物犬进行回顾性评估。记录临床症状、年龄、品种和性别。评估血液学指标，包括红细胞和白细胞计数、血红蛋白浓度、血细胞比容和血小板（PLT）计数，以及生化参数，如总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、球蛋白、胆红素、丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、γ-谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）、血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐（CREA）和尿酸。使用单因素方差分析和Pearson卡方检验对数据进行分析，设定统计学显著性为p < 0.05。
肝炎是最常见的疾病（38.8%），其次是胆道疾病、肝脂肪变性、肿瘤性疾病（各占16.3%）和肝硬化（12.5%）。呕吐（60.0%）、黄疸（57.5%）和腹泻（48.8%）是最常见的临床症状，不同疾病类型之间存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。观察到血小板计数有显著差异，肝脂肪变性病例中的血小板计数最高（p = 0.04）。生化分析显示，所有疾病的总胆红素、ALT、AST、ALP和GGT均显著升高（p < 0.05），尤其是在肝炎和肿瘤病例中。肝硬化犬的TP和ALB浓度显著降低。肿瘤性疾病犬的BUN和CREA也升高，提示并发肾脏受累。
本研究首次描述了越南犬肝胆疾病的临床和血液生化特征。研究结果强调了将临床症状与实验室指标相结合的诊断价值，特别是肝酶升高和低白蛋白血症，对于肝胆疾病的识别和鉴别诊断具有重要意义。这些见解可能会增强临床决策，并有助于提高兽医肝脏病学的诊断准确性和治疗效果。
