Wei Jie, Yang Sanwei, Wang Xiaoli, Duan Jianjun, Mei Ting Ting, Li Mingrui, Yang Shengmei, Wang Fangchi
College of Agriculture, Agricultural College of Guizhou University, Guizhou University Tobacco College, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
Key Laboratory of Tobacco Quality Research of Guizhou Province, College of Tobacco, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China.
PLoS One. 2025 Jun 2;20(5):e0323801. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0323801. eCollection 2025.
The aim was to decrease chemical fertilizer use and improve soil carbon sequestration. Replacing 50% chemical nitrogen fertilizer with organic fertilizer can inhibit the mineralization of organic carbon in yellow paddy soil by increasing the active organic carbon components. Four fertilization treatments (no fertilization, conventional fertilization, 50% organic fertilization and 50% chemical nitrogen fertilization, and organic fertilization instead of chemical nitrogen addition) were used to investigate the effects of using organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on soil organic carbon mineralization and active organic carbon components in paddy fields. The soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, and available potassium contents were markedly higher for the organic fertilizer treatment than the no fertilization treatment. Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone, the substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer significantly increased soil pH and significantly decreased the content of available potassium. The cumulative soil organic carbon mineralization rates for all treatments decreased during the incubation period. The ROC, dissolved organic carbon, and MBC contents were in 24.46%, 55.45%, and 17.60% higher, respectively, before and 19.34%, 74.98%, and 66.83%, respectively, after mineralization for 50% organic fertilization than no fertilization. Compared with the single application of chemical fertilizer, the ROC and DOC in the 1/2NPKM treatment increased significantly by 10.32% and 56.03% respectively after mineralization (p < 0.05), while the MBC in the M treatment decreased significantly by 12.05% before and 27.05% after mineralization (p < 0.05). The decrease in ROC was the most significant. Soil organic carbon mineralization was negatively correlated with SOC and active carbon fractions, and SOC was positively correlated with active carbon fractions. In summary, replacing 50% of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer inhibited soil organic carbon mineralization, which would improve carbon sequestration and fertilization. ROC and MBC were the main organic carbon sources mineralized.
目的是减少化肥使用并提高土壤碳固存。用有机肥替代50%的化学氮肥可通过增加活性有机碳组分来抑制黄水稻土中有机碳的矿化。采用四种施肥处理（不施肥、常规施肥、50%有机肥和50%化学氮肥以及用有机肥替代化学氮肥）来研究使用有机肥替代化肥对稻田土壤有机碳矿化和活性有机碳组分的影响。有机肥处理的土壤有机碳、全氮、有效磷和有效钾含量显著高于不施肥处理。与单独施用化肥相比，用有机肥替代化肥显著提高了土壤pH值，显著降低了有效钾含量。在培养期间，所有处理的土壤有机碳累积矿化率均下降。与不施肥相比，50%有机肥处理矿化前的ROC、溶解有机碳和MBC含量分别高出24.46%、55.45%和17.60%，矿化后分别高出19.34%、74.98%和66.83%。与单独施用化肥相比，1/2NPKM处理矿化后的ROC和DOC分别显著增加了10.32%和56.03%（p < 0.05），而M处理的MBC矿化前显著下降了12.05%，矿化后下降了27.05%（p < 0.05）。ROC的下降最为显著。土壤有机碳矿化与SOC和活性碳组分呈负相关，SOC与活性碳组分呈正相关。综上所述，用有机肥替代50%的化肥可抑制土壤有机碳矿化，这将改善碳固存和施肥效果。ROC和MBC是矿化的主要有机碳源。
