Jin Junqi, Liu Shiya, Zhou Qiang, Fang Zhengfeng, Lin Yan, Xu Shengyu, Feng Bin, Zhuo Yong, Luo Hefeng, Liu Xiuming, Wu De, Che Lianqiang
Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of China Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistant Nutrition of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, 61130, China.
Dekon Food and Agriculture Group, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610225, China.
J Anim Sci Biotechnol. 2025 Jun 3;16(1):79. doi: 10.1186/s40104-025-01212-x.
Maternal nutrition significantly influences offspring development. This study investigated the effects of maternal or post-weaning cinnamaldehyde (CA) supplementation in sows and their offspring on reproductive performance and health. Sixty sows, selected based on body condition score and parity, were randomly allocated to control or CA (500 mg/kg) diets from d 107 of gestation to d 24 of lactation. At weaning, 128 piglets were assigned to four groups (n = 8) based on weight and source litter for a 21-d experiment. The four groups were CON-CON (both sow and piglet on CON), CON-CA (sow on CON, piglet on CA), CA-CON (sow on CA, piglet on CON), and CA-CA (both sow and piglet on CA).
Maternal CA supplementation tended to improve body weight (+ 15%, P = 0.09) and average daily gain (+ 21%, P = 0.07) of suckling piglets, along with increased levels of milk IgG (P = 0.01) and IgM (P = 0.02), colostrum crude fat (P = 0.01), and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity (P = 0.02) at farrowing. Moreover, maternal CA supplementation significantly improved plasma antioxidant capacity, expressions of intestinal barrier and anti-inflammatory genes, and gut microbiota structure of piglets at the end of suckling. Additionally, maternal CA supplementation increased the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of crude protein (P < 0.01), gross energy (GE; P = 0.03), and dry matter (P = 0.01), improved jejunal sucrase activity (P < 0.01), villus height (P = 0.03), the ratio of villi height to crypt depth (P = 0.02), and the expressions of intestinal barrier and anti-inflammatory genes in post-weaning piglets. Furthermore, post-weaning CA supplementation tended to decrease diarrhea scores of piglets during d 14-21 and increased the ATTD of GE (P = 0.02), activities of jejunal sucrase (P = 0.02), plasma catalase (P = 0.01), and total superoxide dismutase (P < 0.01) in piglets.
Maternal CA supplementation tended to increase the growth rate and weaning weight of suckling piglets, associated with improved antioxidant capacity and milk composition. Moreover, maternal CA supplementation or post-weaning CA supplementation improved nutrient digestibility, redox status, and intestinal function-related parameters of weaned piglets.
母体营养显著影响后代发育。本研究调查了母猪及其后代在孕期或断奶后补充肉桂醛（CA）对繁殖性能和健康的影响。根据体况评分和胎次选择60头母猪，从妊娠第107天至哺乳第24天随机分配到对照或CA（500 mg/kg）日粮组。断奶时，根据体重和来源窝别将128头仔猪分为四组（n = 8），进行为期21天的试验。四组分别为CON-CON（母猪和仔猪均饲喂对照日粮）、CON-CA（母猪饲喂对照日粮，仔猪饲喂CA日粮）、CA-CON（母猪饲喂CA日粮，仔猪饲喂对照日粮）和CA-CA（母猪和仔猪均饲喂CA日粮）。
母体补充CA有提高哺乳仔猪体重（+15%，P = 0.09）和平均日增重（+21%，P = 0.07）的趋势，同时分娩时乳中IgG（P = 0.01）和IgM（P = 0.02）水平、初乳粗脂肪（P = 0.01）以及血浆谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性（P = 0.02）均升高。此外，母体补充CA显著提高了哺乳期末仔猪的血浆抗氧化能力、肠道屏障和抗炎基因表达以及肠道微生物群结构。另外，母体补充CA提高了断奶仔猪粗蛋白（P < 0.01）、总能（GE；P = 0.03）和干物质（P = 0.01）的表观全肠道消化率（ATTD），改善了空肠蔗糖酶活性（P < 0.01）、绒毛高度（P = 0.03）、绒毛高度与隐窝深度比值（P = 0.02）以及肠道屏障和抗炎基因表达。此外，断奶后补充CA有降低仔猪第14 - 21天腹泻评分的趋势，并提高了仔猪GE的ATTD（P = 0.02）、空肠蔗糖酶活性（P = 0.02）、血浆过氧化氢酶（P = 0.01）和总超氧化物歧化酶（P < 0.01）。
母体补充CA有提高哺乳仔猪生长速度和断奶体重的趋势，这与抗氧化能力和乳成分改善有关。此外，母体补充CA或断奶后补充CA可改善断奶仔猪的养分消化率、氧化还原状态和肠道功能相关参数。
