Francke Barbara, Kozikowska Ewelina, Sudoł Ewa, Zawadzka Marta, Griniov Vadim, Starzyk Agnieszka
Institute of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787, Warsaw, Poland.
Building Research Institute, Filtrowa 1, 00-611, Warsaw, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jun 3;15(1):19434. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-05007-y.
The paper analyses the influence of high temperatures (70 °C for three months) on the durability of the mechanical properties of waterproofing membranes used on ventilated terraces. The test kits consisted of a concrete substrate, waterproofing membrane (reinforced bitumen sheet or EPDM membrane), and the top layer spot-supported by plastic pedestals. The stress transferred by the pedestals to the substrate was determined through calculations. The changes after ageing were evaluated in the areas between the pedestals and in their locations for their ability to maintain the mechanical load-transferring function, including but not limited to resistance to continuous or instant spot loads. The action mechanism of the ageing processes was investigated by analysing the microstructure of the cross-sections of the tested samples using SEM. After three months of exposure to + 70 °C, the resistance to spot loads of a reinforced bitumen sheet was higher than that of a flexible EPDM sheet. Simultaneously, the tensile values are more favourable for the first sheet type. The impact resistance of the reinforced bitumen sheet increased by 36%, whereas that of the EPDM membrane decreased by 25%. The static puncture resistance of the reinforced bitumen sheet before and after ageing remained at the same level; for the EPDM membrane, the value dropped by 20%. In both cases, microscopic images of the cross-sections of the tested items revealed structural changes in the form of microcracks.
本文分析了高温（70°C，持续三个月）对通风露台上使用的防水膜力学性能耐久性的影响。测试套件由混凝土基材、防水膜（增强沥青片材或三元乙丙橡胶膜）以及由塑料支架点支撑的顶层组成。通过计算确定支架传递到基材上的应力。在支架之间的区域及其位置评估老化后的变化，以评估其维持机械载荷传递功能的能力，包括但不限于对连续或即时点载荷的抵抗力。通过使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）分析测试样品横截面的微观结构，研究了老化过程的作用机制。在暴露于70°C三个月后，增强沥青片材的点载荷抵抗力高于柔性三元乙丙橡胶片材。同时，拉伸值对第一种片材类型更有利。增强沥青片材的抗冲击性提高了36%，而三元乙丙橡胶膜的抗冲击性下降了25%。增强沥青片材老化前后的静态抗穿刺性保持在同一水平；对于三元乙丙橡胶膜，该值下降了20%。在这两种情况下，测试项目横截面的微观图像均显示出微裂纹形式的结构变化。
