Jensen Corbin C, Gurley Noah J, Mathias Avery J, Wolfsberg Leah R, XIao Yufei, Zhou Zixi, Slep Kevin C, Peifer Mark
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB#3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA.
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
bioRxiv. 2025 May 13:2025.05.10.653259. doi: 10.1101/2025.05.10.653259.
Adherens junctions are key to tissue architecture, mediating robust yet dynamic cell-cell adhesion and, via cytoskeletal linkage, allowing cells to change shape and move. Adherens junctions contain thousands of molecules linked by multivalent interactions of folded protein domains and Intrinsically Disordered Regions (IDRs). One key challenge is defining mechanisms conferring robust linkage and mechanosensing. Drosophila Canoe and mammalian Afadin provide superb entrypoints to explore how their complex protein structures and shared IDRs enable function. We combined genetic, cell biological and biochemical tools to define how Canoe's IDR functions during morphogenesis. Unlike many of Canoe's folded domains, the IDR is critical for junctional localization, mechanosensing and function. We took the IDR apart, identifying two conserved stickers in the IDR that directly bind F-actin, separated by less-conserved spacers. Surprisingly, while mutants lacking the IDR die as embryos with morphogenesis defects, no sub-region of the IDR is essential for viability. Instead, IDR stickers and spacers act combinatorially to ensure localization, mechanosensing and function.
黏着连接对于组织结构至关重要,它介导强大而动态的细胞间黏附,并通过细胞骨架连接,使细胞能够改变形状并移动。黏着连接包含数千个通过折叠蛋白结构域和内在无序区域(IDR)的多价相互作用连接的分子。一个关键挑战是确定赋予强大连接和机械传感的机制。果蝇中的 Canoe 和哺乳动物中的 Afadin 为探索它们复杂的蛋白质结构和共享的 IDR 如何实现功能提供了绝佳的切入点。我们结合了遗传学、细胞生物学和生化工具来确定 Canoe 的 IDR 在形态发生过程中的功能。与 Canoe 的许多折叠结构域不同,IDR 对于连接定位、机械传感和功能至关重要。我们剖析了 IDR,在 IDR 中鉴定出两个直接结合 F-肌动蛋白的保守贴附区域,它们被保守性较低的间隔区域隔开。令人惊讶的是,虽然缺乏 IDR 的突变体在胚胎期因形态发生缺陷而死亡,但 IDR 的任何子区域对于生存力都不是必需的。相反,IDR 的贴附区域和间隔区域共同作用以确保定位、机械传感和功能。