He Yinghui, Zhang Hongxi, Baltar Federico, Wang Yong
Institute for Ocean Engineering, Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, 518055 Shenzhen, P. R. China.
Institute of Deep-Sea Science and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 572000 Sanya, Hainan, P. R. China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2025 Jun 17;59(23):11653-11665. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.4c05624. Epub 2025 Jun 4.
The metabolic potential and activity of deep-sea microbes have not been fully explored by meta-transcriptomics using the samples obtained by different sampling methods. Here, we report active deep-sea microbes obtained by the methods of multiple in situ nucleic acid collection (MISNAC), in situ microbial filtration and fixation (ISMIFF), in situ microbial filtration without fixation (ISMIFU), and the Niskin bottle at a 1038 m depth in the South China Sea. Higher biodiversity and different dominant active microbial taxa in the metatranscriptomes were detected in the MISNAC and ISMIFF samples compared with the other two approaches. The transcriptional profiles of 40 conserved genes were similar between the MISNAC and ISMIFF samples, while the expression of a quarter of these genes was not detected in the ISMIFU sample. Genes related to the CO oxidation and nitrification processes were highly transcribed in the MISNAC and ISMIFF transcriptomes, whereas those for chemotaxis and low-oxygen adaptation were highly transcribed in the Niskin samples. Overall, our result highlights the importance of in situ sampling and preservation for more precise quantification of the ecological function of active deep-sea microbiomes.
利用不同采样方法获得的样本，通过宏转录组学尚未充分探索深海微生物的代谢潜力和活性。在此，我们报告了通过多种原位核酸采集（MISNAC）、原位微生物过滤与固定（ISMIFF）、原位微生物无固定过滤（ISMIFU）方法以及在南海1038米深度使用尼斯金采水器获得的活性深海微生物。与其他两种方法相比，在MISNAC和ISMIFF样本中检测到宏转录组中具有更高的生物多样性和不同的优势活性微生物类群。MISNAC和ISMIFF样本中40个保守基因的转录谱相似，而在ISMIFU样本中未检测到这些基因中四分之一的表达。与CO氧化和硝化过程相关的基因在MISNAC和ISMIFF转录组中高度转录，而趋化性和低氧适应相关基因在尼斯金采水器样本中高度转录。总体而言，我们的结果突出了原位采样和保存对于更精确量化活性深海微生物群落生态功能的重要性。
