Cong Xing, Wang Jinmei, Yang Liu, Cui Lingling, Hua Yurong, Gong Ping
Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
School of Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
Front Psychol. 2025 May 21;16:1537858. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1537858. eCollection 2025.
Many studies suggest that psychological factors are intrinsically connected to the onset of preeclampsia. However, there are no relevant surveys on the psychological situation of this population. The aims of our study were to investigating the causes and prevalence of pregnancy stress in individuals at high risk of preeclampsia; exploring the correlation between pregnancy stress and anxiety, depression, and self-management capacity in this group. Our study provided evidence for the development of effective clinical management strategies and related psychological care for women at high risk of preeclampsia.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted on women at high risk of preeclampsia who came to Jiangnan University Hospital's obstetrics outpatient clinic for antenatal care. Sociodemographic and obstetric-related characteristics, Pregnancy Stress Rating Scale (PSRS), Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), Self-rating depression scale (SDS), Self-rating Questionnaire of Healthcare Management for Pregnancy (SQHMP) were included in this study. Data analysis covered descriptive statistics, univariate analysis, Spearman's rank correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis.
A total of 138 pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia were enrolled in the study. Univariate analysis showed significant relationships between intergenerational relations (with mothers-in-law), pregnancy intention, and desired mode of delivery among pregnancy stress ( < 0.001). Median (IQR) scores were: PSRS 0.283 (0.133, 0.542), SAS 38.750 (32.500, 45.000), SDS 41.250 (33.750, 50.000), SQHMP 43.000 (35.000, 53.250). The score of Spearman's rank correlation showed that pregnancy stress was positively correlated with anxiety, depression, and self-management capacity, respectively (r = 0.465, < 0.001), (r = 0.437, < 0.001), and (r = 0.585, < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that desired mode of delivery, anxiety, and self-management capacity were the main predictors of pregnancy stress.
The findings emphasize the need to focus on pregnancy stress in women at high risk of preeclampsia, especially those have presented higher levels of anxiety, depression, and self-management capacity. Based on these variables, healthcare professionals should increase screening for mental health in pregnant women at high risk of preeclampsia as well as provide additional psychological care.
许多研究表明，心理因素与先兆子痫的发病存在内在联系。然而，目前尚无针对该人群心理状况的相关调查。本研究的目的是调查先兆子痫高危个体妊娠压力的原因和患病率；探索该组人群中妊娠压力与焦虑、抑郁及自我管理能力之间的相关性。本研究为制定有效的临床管理策略以及为先兆子痫高危女性提供相关心理护理提供了依据。
对前来江南大学附属医院产科门诊进行产前检查的先兆子痫高危女性进行横断面调查。本研究纳入了社会人口学和产科相关特征、妊娠压力评定量表（PSRS）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、妊娠保健管理自评问卷（SQHMP）。数据分析包括描述性统计、单因素分析、Spearman等级相关性分析和多元线性回归分析。
本研究共纳入138例先兆子痫高危孕妇。单因素分析显示，代际关系（与婆婆的关系）、妊娠意愿和期望分娩方式与妊娠压力之间存在显著关系（<0.001）。中位数（四分位间距）得分分别为：PSRS 0.283（0.133，0.542）、SAS 38.750（32.500，45.000）、SDS 41.250（33.750，50.000）、SQHMP 43.000（35.000，53.250）。Spearman等级相关性分析得分显示，妊娠压力分别与焦虑、抑郁和自我管理能力呈正相关（r = 0.465，<0.001）、（r = 0.437，<0.001）和（r = 0.585，<0.001）。多元线性回归分析显示，期望分娩方式、焦虑和自我管理能力是妊娠压力的主要预测因素。
研究结果强调了关注先兆子痫高危女性妊娠压力的必要性，尤其是那些焦虑、抑郁和自我管理能力水平较高的女性。基于这些变量，医护人员应加强对先兆子痫高危孕妇心理健康的筛查，并提供额外的心理护理。
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