Owusu-Asenso Christopher Mfum, Sraku Isaac Kwame, Eyeson Nana Aba Setorwu, Abdulai Anisa, Sabtiu Abdul Rahim Mohammed, Attah Simon Kwaku, Aboagye-Antwi Fred, Afrane Yaw Asare
Centre for Vector-Borne Disease Research, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Ghana Medical School.
African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science, Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana.
Res Sq. 2025 May 16:rs.3.rs-6606369. doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-6606369/v1.
Insecticide-based interventions such as IRS and LLINs have significantly reduced malaria transmission globally. However, their sustainability is increasingly threatened by insecticide resistance. While insecticide and pesticide use are known resistance drivers, the role of environmental volatiles remains underexplored. This study investigated the impact of environmental volatiles on insecticide resistance by sampling larvae from six sites in Ghana, including petroleum spill sites, mining areas and industrial zones. WHO bioassays revealed resistance to clothianidin (54% - 80%) and chlorfenapyr (80% - 84%) all site categories. Interestingly, high-intensity resistance to pirimiphos methyl (10x = 1.7%) was detected in vectors from Obuasi. High-intensity pyrethroid resistance [deltamethrin (10x = 79-92%); permethrin (10x = 74-95%)] was observed across all sites, with varying frequencies of mutations (; 0.12-0.98) were observed across all sites. High frequency of Ace-1 (0.62) was observed in Obuasi. Chemical analyses of water from breeding habitats revealed significant associations between heavy metals and insecticide resistance ( = 0.04). (81.7%) was the dominant species across all sites. These findings provide evidence that environmental volatiles may contribute to insecticide resistance. There is an urgent need for enhanced surveillance and resistance management strategies for effective malaria vector control.
基于杀虫剂的干预措施，如室内残留喷洒（IRS）和长效驱虫蚊帐（LLINs），已在全球范围内显著降低了疟疾传播。然而，它们的可持续性正日益受到杀虫剂抗性的威胁。虽然已知杀虫剂和农药的使用是抗性驱动因素，但环境挥发物的作用仍未得到充分探索。本研究通过从加纳的六个地点采集幼虫，包括石油泄漏地点、矿区和工业区，调查了环境挥发物对杀虫剂抗性的影响。世卫组织生物测定显示，所有地点类别对噻虫胺（54% - 80%）和氯虫苯甲酰胺（80% - 84%）均有抗性。有趣的是，在奥布阿西的病媒中检测到对甲基嘧啶磷的高强度抗性（10x = 1.7%）。在所有地点均观察到高强度拟除虫菊酯抗性[溴氰菊酯（10x = 79 - 92%）；氯菊酯（10x = 74 - 95%）]，且在所有地点观察到不同频率的突变（；0.12 - 0.98）。在奥布阿西观察到Ace - 1的高频率（0.62）。对繁殖栖息地的水进行化学分析发现重金属与杀虫剂抗性之间存在显著关联（ = 0.04）。（81.7%）是所有地点的优势物种。这些发现提供了证据表明环境挥发物可能导致杀虫剂抗性。迫切需要加强监测和抗性管理策略以有效控制疟疾媒介。
