Saeed Ali Heiresh, Khanmohammadi Razieh, Arabameri Elahe, Shaw Ina, Shaw Brandon S
Department of Motor Behaviour and Sport Management, Faculty of Sports Science, University of Urmia, Iran.
Department of Motor Behavior and Sport Management, Faculty of Sports Sciences, University of Urmia, Iran.
Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2025 Jun;43(6):1040-1048. doi: 10.55563/clinexprheumatol/4e5i45. Epub 2025 May 15.
The aim of this randomised double-blinded controlled trial was to investigate the effect of Baduanjin Qigong (BQG) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on quality of sleep and disease impact in elderly patients with fibromyalgia (FM).
A randomised, double-blind, clinical trial conducted, involving 68 elderly female and male patients with FM were selected through convenience sampling, and randomly assigned into one of four intervention groups: (1) BQG combined with the tDCS group (BQGT) (n=17); (2) BQG combined with the sham tDCS group (BQGS) (n=17); (3) walking combined with tDCS (WAT) (n=17); and (4) walking combined with sham tDCS (WAS) (n=17). All participants were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks post-test for disease impact and sleep quality using the Revised FM Impact Questionnaire (FIQR) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Data were analysed using Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA).
Sleep quality was significantly associated with individual interventions (F(21, 167) =2.88, p<0.05, Wilk's Λ=0.411, partial η²=0.257). FIQ scores also showed significant associations (F(3, 64) =4.47, p< 0.05, Wilk's Λ=0.210, partial η²=0.173). Treatments significantly affected FIQR (F(3) =3.901, p<0.05, partial η²=0.155), FIQR symptoms (F(3) =4.458, p<0.05, partial η² =0.173), PSQI total (F(3) =6.044, p<0.05, partial η² =0.221), sleep disturbances (F(3) =10.314, p<0.05, partial η²=0.326), and sleep dysfunction (F(3) =11.487, p<0.05, partial η²=0.350). Significant differences were found between WAT and WAS for FIQR (p=0.016), and between BQGT and WAS (p=0.049), and WAT and WAS (p=0.009) for FIQR symptoms. PSQI total showed significant differences between BQGT and BQGS (p=0.030), BQGT and WAT (p=0.039), and BQGT and WAS (p=0.000). Significant differences in sleep disturbances were observed between BQGT and BQGS (p=0.000), BQGT and WAT (p=0.001), and BQGT and WAS (p=0.000). Further differences were found between BQGT and WAS (p=0.000), BQGS and WAS (p=0.004), and WAT and WAS (p=0.000).
This study shows that physical activity interventions, and especially BQG, significantly improve sleep quality and disease symptoms, with notable effects on PSQI scores and FIQR, especially when combined with tDCS across different groups. These findings highlight the importance of combining interventions into holistic brain-body treatments for managing FM effectively.
本随机双盲对照试验旨在研究八段锦气功（BQG）和经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）对老年纤维肌痛（FM）患者睡眠质量和疾病影响的作用。
进行了一项随机、双盲临床试验，通过便利抽样选取68例老年FM患者（包括男性和女性），并随机分为四个干预组之一：（1）BQG联合tDCS组（BQGT）（n = 17）；（2）BQG联合伪tDCS组（BQGS）（n = 17）；（3）步行联合tDCS组（WAT）（n = 17）；（4）步行联合伪tDCS组（WAS）（n = 17）。所有参与者在基线和测试后12周分别使用修订的FM影响问卷（FIQR）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估疾病影响和睡眠质量。数据采用多变量方差分析（MANOVA）进行分析。
睡眠质量与个体干预显著相关（F(21, 167) = 2.88，p < 0.05，威尔克斯Λ = 0.411，偏η² = 0.257）。FIQ评分也显示出显著相关性（F(3, 64) = 4.47，p < 0.05，威尔克斯Λ = 0.210，偏η² = 0.173）。治疗对FIQR（F(3) = 3.901，p < 0.05，偏η² = 0.155）、FIQR症状（F(3) = 4.458，p < 0.05，偏η² = 0.173）、PSQI总分（F(3) = 6.044，p < 0.05，偏η² = 0.221）、睡眠障碍（F(3) = 10.314，p < 0.05，偏η² = 0.326）和睡眠功能障碍（F(3) = 11.487，p < 0.05，偏η² = 0.350）有显著影响。在FIQR方面，WAT和WAS之间存在显著差异（p = 0.016），在FIQR症状方面，BQGT和WAS之间存在显著差异（p = 0.049），WAT和WAS之间存在显著差异（p = 0.009）。PSQI总分在BQGT和BQGS之间（p = 0.030）、BQGT和WAT之间（p = 0.039）以及BQGT和WAS之间（p = 0.000）存在显著差异。在睡眠障碍方面，BQGT和BQGS之间（p = 0.000）、BQGT和WAT之间（p = 0.001）以及BQGT和WAS之间（p = 0.000）存在显著差异。在BQGT和WAS之间（p = 0.000）、BQGS和WAS之间（p = 0.004）以及WAT和WAS之间（p = 0.000）还发现了进一步的差异。
本研究表明，体育活动干预，尤其是八段锦气功，能显著改善睡眠质量和疾病症状，对PSQI评分和FIQR有显著影响，特别是在不同组中与tDCS联合使用时。这些发现凸显了将干预措施结合成整体脑 - 体治疗以有效管理纤维肌痛的重要性。
